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RFIDWhat is RFID?There’s a chipImplanted RFID tags in HumansApplicationsThe RFID SystemTagPassive TagSlide 9TagActive TagSlide 12Slide 13Semi-Active (Semi-Passive) TagsAnother way to Classify TagsSlide 16Reader????Slide 18WorkingSlide 20Backscatter modulation?Reader Tag InteractionSlide 23SoftwareDesignSoftware Contd.Slide 27Slide 28After reading Tags.FrequencyFrequency Contd.Technical IssuesEthical IssuesAdvantagesAdvantages Contd.DisadvantagesCONCLUSIONQuestions?????????RFIDRADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATIONWhat is RFID?Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is an automatic identification method using radio waves. RFID also began to see use in wildlife monitoring and research. RFID tags can be used to monitor animal movement without adversely affecting the animal,There’s a chipImplanted RFID tags in HumansApplicationsSupply chain automationAsset trackingMedical applicationsPeople trackingManufacturingRetailWarehousesLivestockTimingThe RFID System1. Tag. 2. Reader. 3. Reader antenna.4. Controller. 5. Host and software system. 6. Communication infrastructure.TagAn RFID tag is a device that can store and transmit data to a reader in a contact less manner using radio waves.RFID tags can be classified in three different ways. PassivePassive TagNo on-board power source (for example, a battery)Uses the power emitted from the reader to energize itself and transmit its stored data to the reader Reader always communicates first, followed by the tag.Smaller than an active or semi-active tag. It has a variety of read ranges starting with less than 1 inch to about 30 feet (9 meters approximately).Cheaper compared to an active or semi-active tag.TagAn RFID tag is a device that can store and transmit data to a reader in a contactless manner using radio waves.RFID tags can be classified in three different ways. PassiveActiveActive TagHas on-board power source (for example, a battery; other sources of power, such as solar, are also possible) Own on-board power supply to transmit its data to a reader. No need for reader's emitted power for data transmission.A tag always communicates first, followed by the reader. Can broadcast its data to its surroundings even in the absence of a readerTagAn RFID tag is a device that can store and transmit data to a reader in a contactless manner using radio waves.RFID tags can be classified in three different ways. PassiveActiveSemi-Active (Semi-Passive) TagsSemi-Active (Semi-Passive) TagsHave an on-board power source (for example, a battery) Uses the reader's emitted power for transmitting its dataAlso called a battery-assisted tag. Reader always communicates first, followed by the tag.Another way to Classify TagsRead-only (RO)Write once, read many (WORM)Read-write (RW)The RFID System1. Tag. 2. Reader. 3. Reader antenna.4. Controller. 5. Host and software system. 6. Communication infrastructure.Reader????An RFID reader can read from and write data to compatible RFID tags. A reader thus doubles up as a writer. The act of writing the tag data by a reader is called creating a tag.A reader has the following main components:TransmitterReceiverMicroprocessorMemoryController (which may reside as an external component)Communication interfacePowerWorkingA radio device called a tag is attached to the object that needs to be identified. When this tagged object is presented in front of a suitable RFID reader, the tag transmits this data to the reader (via the reader antenna). The reader then reads the data and has the capability to forward it over suitable communication channels. This application can then use this unique data to identify the object presented to the reader. It can then perform a variety of actionsBackscatter modulation?A common way the communication between a tag and a reader Reader sends a signal (energy) to a tag, and the tag responds by reflecting a part of this energy back to the reader. A charge device such as a capacitor contained in the tag makes this reflection possible. The capacitor gets charged as it stores the energy received from the reader. As the tag responds back, it uses this energy to send the signal back to the reader. The capacitor discharges in the process.Reader Tag InteractionA tag consist of a dipole antenna attached to an interdigital transducer (IDT) placed on a piezoelectric substrate. A series of well-placed individual electrodes acting as reflectors are positioned on the substrate. The antenna applies an electrical impulse to the IDT when it receives the RF signal from a reader. Some of these waves are reflected back to the IDT by the reflectors; the rest are absorbed by the substrate. The reflected waves form a unique pattern, determined by the reflector positions, representing the tag data. These waves are converted back to the RF signal in the IDT and transmitted back to the RFID reader via the tag antenna. The reader then decodes the received signal to extract the tag data.Softwareprivate void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { rfid1 = new RFID(); rfid1.Attach += new AttachEventHandler(rfid_Attach); rfid1.Detach += new DetachEventHandler(rfid_Detach); rfid1.RFIDTag += new TagEventHandler(rfid_Tag); rfid1.RFIDTagLost += new TagEventHandler(rfid_TagLost); rfid1.open(); }DesignSoftware Contd.private void antennaCheckBox_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { rfid1.Antenna = cboxAntenna.Checked; }Software Contd.void rfid_Attach(object sender, AttachEventArgs e) { Phidgets.RFID phid = (Phidgets.RFID)sender; lblAttached.Text = " Attached: " + phid.Name; lblSerial.Text = " Serial: " + phid.SerialNumber; lblVersion.Text = " Version: " + phid.Version; } void rfid_Detach(object sender, DetachEventArgs e) { lblAttached.Text = "Not Attached"; }Software Contd.void rfid_Tag(object sender, TagEventArgs e) { txtTag.Text = e.Tag; lastRFIDTag = txtTag.Text; rfid1.LED = true; // light on } void rfid_TagLost(object sender, TagEventArgs e) { txtTag.Text = ""; rfid1.LED = false; // light off lbPrevRFIDTags.Items.Insert(0, string.Format("Tag: {0} - {1}", ++TagCtr, lastRFIDTag)); }After reading Tags.FrequencyLF band: 125 and 135 kHz--LF generally use passive tags HF band 3 MHz to 30 MHTypical Frequency: 13.56 MHz--HF system uses passive tags . HF systems are also widely used, especially in hospitals These frequency bands can be used freely worldwide.Frequency Contd.UHF band:300


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UNCC ECGR 6185 - Radio Frequency Identification

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