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TAMU HIST 106 - The American West
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HIST 106 2nd Edition Lecture 2Outline of Last Lecture I. ReconstructionII. Election of 1876Outline of Current LectureI. Chief Joseph and the Nez Perce War of 1877II. The Ghost Dance and Wounded KneeIII. Dawes Severalty Act of 1887IV. Homestead ActV. National Declaration of 1902Current Lecture- Chief Joseph and the Nez Perce War 1877o Custer war-biggest national defeat for the US (200+ people killed) The Americans were now blood thirsty and wanted the Indians put in reservationso Chief Joseph was one of the major-leaders of the Nez Perce tribe  Joseph realized things were not going to go down too well between the Indians and the US In 1877, the US wanted the Nez Perce tom move into a reservation, smaller territory Nez Perce not too happy with this because they see repeated violations of their land- Reporting these violations to the US federal government and will be moved to the reservation- Indians see that Indian policy will not go to well and will escape from the reservation to Canadao Canadians treat their first nation people better than the US treats the Indian tribeso On their escape to Canada, the American army is hot on their heelso In 75 days, the Nez Perce people travel 1300 mileso Majority of the tribe has to surrender because their done and so are their horses The punishment for the Nez Perce for doing this was to move them permanently to the reservation in Oklahoma, where many of the Nez Perce will die- The Ghost Dance and Wounded Kneeo Very intense spiritual restoration an Indian soldier would take Said that the white man would be defeated and the bison would come back  There would be a re-rise in the Indian resistance to westward movemento Mechanics of the Indian Ghost Dance  Hooks placed into chest skin and to dance all night until hooks are ripped out  You would have to be very committed to do this and the US government would get scared by this commitment and banned the Ghost Danceo Led by Spotted Elk at Wounded Knee The Indian tribe was surrounded by the US army The 7th calf surrounds Spotted Elk’s tribe, Spotted Elk sees this and sees that the US will wipe them out and goes out to negotiate with the US government Someone accidentally fires, both sides open up, the US has superiority and it wasa blood batho December 28, 1890-500 men of the 7th calf caught up with themo About 350 Lakota present, 290 killed Incident was called Massacre of Wounded Kneeo The end of Indian resistance in the West There is some but nobody really has the stomach to resist and get killed- Dawes Severalty Act, 1887o Breaking up of tribes as a social unit The point of this act was to assimilate Indians and make them American - Eliminate Indian culture A lot of Indian children were removed from their homes and taken to schools- Were not allowed to speak their native language, forced to wear American clothes, and taught Englisho Reducing the cost of native administrationo Securing parts of the reservations as Indian land Reservations granted to the tribe and the land is for communal use US government split up the reservations and gave the land to individuals to force the idea of the individual ownership o Opening the remaining land to the white settler for profit 140 million acres of reservations, 50 million acres given to Indians, 90 million given to white settlers Not enough Indian people to claim all of the lando In 1934, the US government sees that they really screwed up Payments were made to the Indian parents and some (but not all) land was restored End of US intervening in Indian tribes- Homestead acto Gave everyone 60 acres for an administrative fee of $100o About 600,00 farmers will take advantage of the opportunity 2/3 of the farms will fail or will be sold to spectators for a fraction of what they bought the farms for  The last homestead that was given out in the 1980so Ended up beneficial to most people but not allo The most precious resource in the west is water- National Declaration of 1902o National regulation of water an irrigation Will start building canals and dams to channel water and will change the ImperialValley, California into the citrus production area it is


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TAMU HIST 106 - The American West

Type: Lecture Note
Pages: 3
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