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Missouri S&T BIO SCI 231 - BioSc 231 Exam 4

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BioSc 231 General Genetics Exam 4 Name __________________________________Multiple Choice. (1 point each)_____ Polyploid plants found in nature usually have even numbers of chromosomes because organisms having odd numbers A. exhibit altered mitosisB. exhibit altered growthC. have low fertilityD. are not viable_____ Pollen from one species with a genome represented by (CC) germinates on the stigma of another related species with a genome represented by (DD) and sexually fertilizes the ovule. Most of the resulting plants are sterile but some of the resulting offspringundergo chromosome duplication resulting in fertile plants. The genomes of the fertile offspring are best represented by A.CC B. DDC. CCDDD. CDDE. CCD_____ In a mammal, no Barr bodies are observed. How many X chromosomes does the organism have?A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3 E. 4_____ Euploidy isA. a chromosome number that is not an exact multiple of the haploid numberB. an example of aneuploidyC. a chromosome number that is an exact multiple of the haploid number D. the addition of an extra copy of a particular chromosomeE. the absence of a particular copy of a chromosome_____ The basic diploid chromosome number in Rye Secale cereale is 14. A new species of rye is found that has 28 chromosome species. This species is said to beA. haploidB. diploid C. triploidD. tetraploidE. pentaploid_____ When an allotetraploid (AABB) is backcrossed to one of its progenitor species (BB), a sterile progeny is produced. The genomic composition of this sterile individual can be best represented byA. ABB. ABBC. AAD. BBE. AAB_____ When an organism gains one extra copy of a chromosome but not a complete haploid set, the conditions is known asA. polyploidyB. euploidyC. aneuploidyD. triploidy_____ It was once thought that the ____ karyotype was related to criminal disposition because it led to aggressive behavior due to excessive "maleness".A. XOB. XYC. XXYD. XYYE. YY_____ Consider a species with a diploid (2n) number of 12 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would be found in a trisomic body cell?A. 6 B. 7 C. 12 D. 13 E. 18_____ A base change resulting in a codon specifying an amino acid which is different than in the wild-type polypeptideA. MissenseB. SilentC. NonsenseD. SynonymousE. Frameshift_____ Mosaicism is due toA. X-inactivationB. chromosome duplicationC. chromosome deletionD. somatic mutationsE. gametic mutations_____ When a diploid organism undergoes one or more rounds of endoreduplication (resulting in a gain of more than one complete haploid set of chromosomes), the resulting cells are best described asA. polyploidB. triploidC. aneuploidD. trisomic_____ Type of mutation in which a purine is substituted for a purineA. TransitionB. TransversionC. FrameshiftD. ConversionE. Inversion_____ A type of microorganism that can exist on minimal mediumA. ConditionalB. AutotrophC. AuxotrophD. Prototroph_____ A biochemical mutant that must be supplied with a particular nutrient for growth would be described as a(n)A. ConditionalB. LethalC. AuxotrophD. PrototrophE. Autotroph_____ A base change that changes a codon for an amino acid to a stop codonA. MissenseB. SilentC. NonsenseD. SynonymousE. Frameshift_____ A bacterial histidine mutant was plated on minimal medium and a single colony grew. You decide to sequence the histidine biosynthetic gene of the revertant and discover that the original mutation is still present. This colony must have been able grow due to aA. forward mutation B. suppressor mutationC. auxotrophic mutation D. back mutation E. back mutation OR suppressor mutation_____ A cell is exposed to EMS (a mutagen that causes guanine to mispair with thymine) and allowed to undergo a few rounds of DNA replication. The mutational event caused by this mutagen will be A. AT to CG B. GC to AT C. AT to TA D. AT to GC E. GC to CG_____ A new E. coli mutant was tested for auxotrophy. The mutant grows on:minimal medium (M) + arginine (R) + histidine (H)M + H + alanine (A)M + R + H + Abut not on Mor on M + R + A. The mutant requiresA. Arginine B. Histidine and alanineC. Histidine D. Arginine and alanineE. Alanine_____ The fluctuation test of Luria and Delbruck (studying resistance to bacteriophge T1 infection) established thatA. T1 phage was a mutagen.B. Mutations could arise prior to the time they were selectedC. The mutation rate varies greatly from experiment to experiment.D. In E. coli the number of mutants per clone was relatively constant._____ Himalayan rabbits have an appearance similar to Siamese cats, in which their body is primarily a light cream color but have patches or black at their extremities. This coloration is due to a mutation within a black pigment gene. The type of mutation in this gene is described asA. ConditionalB. LethalC. AuxotrophD. Autotroph_____ How many different trisomics could be formed in a plant with a diploid number of 16?A. 1B. 8C. 16D. 24E. 32_____ E. coli cells were spread on an agar plate, producing 1000 colonies. The colonies are replica plated on three agar plates containing the antibiotic kanamycin and one agar plate without antibiotics. All of the colonies are able to grow on the agar plate without antibiotic but only 4 colonies are able to grow on each of the agar plates containing kanamycin. You notice that the four colonies that grew on each of the kanamycin containing plates are in the exact same position. This demonstrates A) how to screen for environmental mutagensB) that mutations occur in prokaryotes as well as in eukaryotesC) that in some cases mutations are caused by the selective agent itselfD) that mutations occur in the absence of the selective agentE) a direct correlation between the amount of the selective agent used and the number of resistant mutants (one-hit relationship)_____ Turner syndrome in humans is caused by which chromosomal conditions?A. 47, XXYB. 47, 21+C. 45, XD. 47, XYY_____ Exposure to gamma radiation leads to severe damage to DNA. The bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans is able to survive exposure to levels of gamma radiation that would kill any other known organism. This organism is able to survive becauseA. it is covered with a very thick cell wall that blocks radiationB. it produces its own mutagens that quickly revert mutations that result from radiation exposureC. it has several very efficient DNA repair systemsD. it has hundreds of copies of its chromosome so it has a good chance of at least one surviving_____ A hybrid allotetraploid species (2n = 40) was


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Missouri S&T BIO SCI 231 - BioSc 231 Exam 4

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