Lecture 5 Nutrition/Transport Bio119 1 I. Nutrition A. Modes of growth (the “trophs”) 1. Autotrophs 2. Phototrophs 3. Chemotrophs 4. Combinations a) Chemoheterotrophs b) Photoautotrophs c) Chemoautotrophs 5. Obligate and facultative (Box 5.2) B. What does a cell need to grow? 1. First let's see what cells are made of: 2. Composition of cells (Table 5.1) 3. C, O, N, H, S, P 4. SaltsLecture 5 Nutrition/Transport Bio119 2 5. Trace elements 6. Growth factors II. How do prokaryotes get their nutrients? A. By transporting it in B. Cytoplasmic membrane is selectively permeable C. Diffusion (Fig. 5.2) D. The role of active transport 1. Secondary transporters (Fig. 5.4) a) Uniporters b) Symporters (Fig. 5.5) c) Antiporters 2. Group translocation (Fig. 5.6)Lecture 5 Nutrition/Transport Bio119 3 3. ABC Transporters (Fig. 5.3) a) Iron uptake example (Fig. 5.8) III. How to grow bacteria: A. Most prokaryotes cannot be cultured in the lab B. Culture medium 1. Complex 2. Defined (Table 5.2, what’s missing?) 3. Carbon source 4. Energy source 5. Solid vs. liquidLecture 5 Nutrition/Transport Bio119 4 6. Sterilization methods 7. Aseptic techniques C. Acidity and alkalinity 1. Halophilic (Fig. 6.17) 2. Acidiphilic vs. alkaliphilic 3. Haloalkaliphilic D. Oxygen 1. Aerobes (obligate/strict vs. facultative) 2. Microaerophiles 3. Anaerobes (obligate/strict vs. aerotolerant)Lecture 5 Nutrition/Transport Bio119 5 4. Oxygen toxicity 5. Anaerobic growth (Fig. 6.14) E. Temperature (Fig. 6.15 and 6.16) 1. Cardinal temperatures 2. Psychrophiles 3. Mesophiles 4. Thermophiles 5. HyperthermophilesLecture 5 Nutrition/Transport Bio119 6 6. Examples (Table
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