Declarative Memory V.S. Procedural Memory Declarative memory (explicit): type of long term memory. Deals with knowing what; like facts. Can be consciously recalled or remembered. Can be broken down into semantic and episodic Declarative memories are encoded by the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex and perirhinal cortex (all within the medial temporal lobe of the brain), but are consolidated and stored in the temporal cortex and elsewhere. Hippocampus- thought to be the center of emotion, memory, and autonomic nervous systemEntorhinal Cortex- Main interface between Hippocampus and Neocortex. declarative memories and in particular spatial memories including memory formation, memory consolidation, and memory optimization in sleep. The EC is also responsible for the pre-processing (familiarity) of the input signals. Neocortex - It is involved in higher functions such as sensory perception, generation of motor commands, spatial reasoning, conscious thought, and in humans, language.Perirhinal Cortex- involved with visual perception and memory. Recognizes and identifiesenvironmental stimuli. Lesions cause lead to the impairment of visual recognition memory, disrupting stimulus-stimulus associations and object-recognition abilities. Two types of declarative memorySemantic memory deals with ideas and concepts, unrelated to specific experiences- found everywhere inthe brain. Episodic memory- autobiographical events- found in the anterior prefrontal cortex and the posterior cingulate cortex. Needs hippocampus. Procedural Memory (implicit): type of long term memory. Deals with knowing how; like riding a bike. Unconscious- memorized through repetition and practice Procedural memories, on the other hand, do not appear to involve the hippocampus at all, and are encoded and stored by the cerebellum, putamen, caudate nucleus and the motor cortex, all of which are involved in motor control.Cerebellum- receives information from the sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain and then regulates motor movements. It coordinates voluntary movements such as posture, balance, coordination, and speech, resulting in smooth and balanced muscular activities. Motor Cortex- Involved in motor function. Generates neural impulses to control execution of movement. Types of Procedural Memory Skill Memory- motor memory Priming- when an earlier stimulus influences the response of a later stimulus. Prefrontal CortexConditioning- when one stimuli predicts the delivery of a second stimuli. Hippocampal Storage TheoriesIndexing Theory Multi Indexing Theory Standard Model of Memory
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