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GCC CHM 130LL - CHM 130LL: Excel Spreadsheets and the Metric System

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GCC CHM 130LL: Excel Spreadsheets and the Metric System page 1 of 7 CHM 130LL: Excel Spreadsheets and the Metric System Introduction Length Mass Note: You may do this exercise in pairs, and submit a set of spreadsheets with both of your names on them. In future labs, when you work in pairs and there is a report to submit, you must turn in two separate reports. Spreadsheets are used to perform repetitive calculations according to rules or formulas. Businesses used them first because they could easily recalculate their figures when one piece of data changed. Thus, revised “forecasts” of profits and losses could be made without time-consuming manual recalculations. Today spreadsheets are used in almost every field. In this lab, you will learn to use Excel to carry out various conversions and calculations involving metric measurements. The basic metric unit of length is the meter, but the centimeter (cm) is more commonly used in lab. There are 100 centimeters in a meter. Each centimeter is further divided into 10 millimeters (mm). In today’s activity, you will use a centimeter ruler to measure the dimensions of each block. Rulers: The numbers shown on a centimeter ruler are centimeters, and the 10 smaller markings between each number represent millimeters. The millimeter markings are more accurate, and one estimates to one decimal place beyond the smallest markings. On some rulers, the “0” cm mark is not at the end of the ruler. Be sure to place the object to be measured at the “0” mark. Consider the stick and ruler below: When taking a measurement, all the digits are known with certainty, except the last digit, which is estimated. If the object appears to be exactly on a marking on the instrument, then the estimated digit is 0. If the object appears to be exactly halfway between two markings, the estimated digit is 5. The stick above appears to be just past the halfway point between 1.2 and 1.3, so it‟s length is recorded as 1.26 cm. The metric unit of mass is the gram. You will use an electronic balance to determine the mass of each block. These balances are very expensive and must be used very carefully to avoid damage. Follow the guidelines provided below to obtain the mass for each block. - All doors are to remain closed at all times, except when loading or unloading the balance. - Do not lean on the balance table. - Before weighing, be sure doors are closed and the digital scale reads 0.0000 g. (4 zeros past decimal). If zeroes are not displayed on the scale, gently click the front lever until the balance displays zeros. If 0.00000 g (5 zeros past decimal) is displayed or if the number displayed continues to drift, consult your instructor. - To weigh an item, open the door and carefully place the item on the center of the pan. Close the door and wait for the digital readout to stabilize (the green light to the left of the readout will go off). Read and record all the numbers in the digital readout. Remove the item and close the doors before leaving. 0 1 2GCC CHM 130LL: Excel Spreadsheets and the Metric System page 2 of 7 Procedure Instructions for Excel Formula Bar Entering Text Arrange your rectangular metal blocks from shortest to tallest. Starting with the shortest block, measure (in cm) the length, width, and thickness of all the blocks in your tray, and record each measurement (to 2 decimal places) in the data table below. Next, measure the mass of each block, and record the mass below to 4 decimal places. (Note: Measurements from a digital instrument are always recorded as displayed. NEVER round the measurement from a digital instrument.) Data for Excel Spreadsheet (You do not need to turn in this page; it will be included in your spreadsheet.) Block Length, in cm Width, in cm Thickness, in cm Mass, in g 1 2 3 4 If you have little or no experience with spreadsheets, read “Instructions for Excel” before you begin. If you have set up spreadsheets before, proceed to the Excel Spreadsheets Procedure on page 6, and refer back to specific Excel directions as needed. Data for a spreadsheet can be entered (or edited) by clicking on the cell for the data. The cell will be highlighted, and its contents shown in the editing box located on the formula bar above the table. Note: If the formula bar is not shown, click on the View menu, check Formula Bar. The empty spreadsheet is very large, but the portion you will use is located in the upper left corner of it. If you get “lost” use the arrows in the right and lower margins to return to the portion you need. Use the mouse to slide the arrows back to the top left of the spreadsheet. The top left is located in cell A-1 You can type or edit text within a cell on your spreadsheet. When you are finished, hit „Enter‟, or move to another cell with either the mouse or the arrows on the keyboard. If you have edited incorrectly, and want the original information back in the cell, click on the “X” in the formula bar before you move to another cell.GCC CHM 130LL: Excel Spreadsheets and the Metric System page 3 of 7 Changing Font/ Superscripts and Subscripts Entering Numbers Adjusting Number of Decimal Places Text: Click with the mouse pointer on the appropriate cell. Text is entered simply by typing in the cell. If a cell in not wide enough to hold all of your text, you can widen the entire column. To do this, place the mouse on the vertical line to the right of the column at the top of the spreadsheet (not between cells on the spreadsheet). The cursor will change from a “fat” cross to a “thin” cross. Hold the mouse down, and drag the cross (and with it the dividing line) to the right until the column is wide enough for your text, and then release the mouse button. Click the mouse, hold, and drag to change the size of the column. In some instances, you may want to minimize the width of several columns to just fit the headings and numbers such that your data will fit on one page. To do so, highlight the columns you want to adjust by clicking and dragging on the Excel‟s column headings. Then move the cursor to be to a vertical line between any two of the columns, and double-click. The column widths should adjust to fit the text(s) or number(s) entered. Excel column headings Vertical line between columns Changing font and


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GCC CHM 130LL - CHM 130LL: Excel Spreadsheets and the Metric System

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