Experiment 3A: Separation and Identification of Organic Unknowns Unknown #1 Purpose: To separate 3 organic compounds (acidic, basic, and neutral) form anunknown mixture by using the extraction method, and identifying them by usingmelting points and IR spectroscopy.Discussion: Unknown mixture #1 was used for this lab, which contained acidic, basic,and neutral components, that were all later isolated from one another. First, thebasic solution was extracted, to which 6M HCl was added until the solutionbecame acidic. Next, the acidic compound was extracted, to which 6M NaOHwas added until it became basic. Lastly, brine was added to the remainingcompound (neutral) and sodium anhydrous sulfate as a drying agent, which waslater filtered into a flask and boiled until the neutral compound was present. For the extraction of the acidic compound, the melting point range was138-141C and the percent recovery is (11.4 mg/ 250 mg) x100= 4.56%. Theacidic compound that was extracted could possibly be 2-Chlorobenzoic Acid.This assumption is based on the fact that the unknown IR spectrum shows agreat resemblance to the known IR spectrum for 2-Chlorobenzoic Acid.Significant peaks show up at 1677cm-1 (C=O), 2646cm-1(O-H), and 2816cm-1,indicating a C-H bond and weak peaks at 1437cm-1and 1474cm-1 to possiblyindicate a benzene ring. The melting point of 2-Chlorobenzoic Acid is also closeto the melting point range obtained from the acidic compound in this experimentFor the extraction of the basic compound, the melting point range was 80-84C and the percent recovery is (24.7.5mg/250mg) x100= 9.88%. The basiccompound that was extracted could possibly be 2-Methyl-3-Nitroaniline. Themelting point range of the unknown that was given was close to both 2-Methyl-3-Nitroaniline and ethyl-4-aminobenzoate, so an IR spectrum was needed intoorder to differentiate between the two possible compounds. The known IRspectrum of ethyl-4-aminobenzoate shows peaks at about 1550 cm-1, whichindicates that there is benzene ring present, 1650 cm-1 (C=O), 3200-3350 cm-1(N-H). However, the IR spectrum obtained from the experiment shows peaks at1679cm-1 (C=C), 3300-3200cm-1 (N-H), and 1591cm-1, which indicates abenzene ring. Since the IR of the unknown compound does not include a C=Obond, the compound is most likely 2-Methyl-3-Nitroaniline.Lastly, the melting point range obtained from the neutral compound was75-76C, showing that the compound was relatively pure due to the narrowmelting point range. The percent recovery is (92.6mg/250mg) x100= 37% .The IRspectrum of our unknown compound was not complete due to difficulties with themachine. Only the right side of the IR was shown. Firstly, the melting point rangewas close to Naphthalene and 9-Fluorenone. When looking at both IR’s fromGoogle.com, it was apparent that Naphthalene did not have a peak at about1700cm-1 to show a C=O bond. The IR of the unknown neutral compound doesshow a peak at 1711cm-1, so it is possible to assume that the unknown neutralcompound is 9-Fluorenone by the limited amount of information given.Conclusion: For this experiment, the combination of a unknown compound, diethylether, and 3M NaOH was used to in an extraction process to purify eachcompound and obtain a high yield for a successful extraction. During thebeginning when all the compounds were being mixed, some of the solution hadspilled during the swirling/venting process, this could have caused the loweryield, but the melting point ranges of each compound were very narrow,especially for the neutral compound, which suggests that the purity of eachcompound was very