Experiment 1Experiment Date: 01/30/17Chem 322L-002MFan WangPurposeThrough this experiment a better understanding for the use of lab equipment, measurement, and calibration was gained. Data was collected with an analytical balance and Eppendorf pipettes, and then analyzed by calculation of standard deviation and relative deviation.ExperimentalThe first part of the experiment involved gaining and analyzing data from an analytical balance. To begin, a weigh boat was placed in the balance pan and a specific amount of a water solution was transferred from a 10-100 μL Eppendorf pipette. The mass of the added water was recorded along with the set volume. For accuracy, each measurement was done three times. Thenthe weigh boat was emptied and the set volume was increased by 25%. The steps were repeated for 50%, 75%, and 100% set volume. Then all steps were repeated for the 100-1000 μL Eppendorf pipette.The second part of the lab involved preparing calibration curves. First a beaker of a stock solution of sucrose was obtained. For the parallel dilution, 500 μL of stock sucrose solution was added to an empty volumetric with the Eppendorf pipette. The mark was diluted with deionized water and mixed. The mass was determined and the density was calculated. The steps were repeated for 1000 μL, 1500 μL, 2000 μL, and 2500 μL of stock solution. For the serial dilution, 1 mL of the stock solution was dispensed into a tared weigh boat, the mass was determined and was labeled SD1. 7.5 mL of SD1 was added to a 10 mL volumetric flask, diluted to the mark with water, mixed thoroughly and labeled as SD2. Then 6.67 mL of SD2 was added to a 10 mL tared volumetric flask, diluted to the mark with water, mixed thoroughly and labeled as SD3. Next 5.0 mL of SD3 was added to a 10 mL tared volumetric flask, diluted to the mark with water, mixed thoroughly and labeled as SD4. Finally, 4.0 mL of SD4 was added to a 10 mL tared volumetric flask, diluted to the mark with water, mixed thoroughly and labeled as SD5. The mass and density of each solution was obtained and documented. Finally, the unknown concentrations of a sucrose solution were obtained. To do so, first the unknown solution was gathered and1 mL of the solution was dispensed into a tared weigh boat. The mass was determined and the steps were repeated 4 more times for a total of 5 replicates.ResultsTable 1: Calibration of 10-100μL PipetteVolumeSetting(L)Densitybased on 20degrees C(g/μL) Mass (g)Actual Volume(L) (calculatedfrom density andmass)MeanVolume(μL)95%ConfidenceIntervalSTDEVfor eachvolumesetting AVG1.00E-05998.2071 8.90E-03 8.92E-069.55E-06 6.2436E-07 5.5175E-07 9.55E-06998.2071 9.80E-03 9.82E-06998.2071 9.90E-03 9.92E-062.50E-05998.2071 2.46E-02 2.46E-052.47E-05 1.9635E-07 1.7352E-07 2.47E-05998.2071 2.49E-02 2.49E-05998.2071 2.46E-02 2.46E-055.00E-05998.2071 4.86E-02 4.87E-054.86E-05 4.5815E-07 4.0487E-07 4.86E-05998.2071 4.89E-02 4.90E-05998.2071 4.81E-02 4.82E-057.50E-05998.2071 7.49E-02 7.50E-057.49E-05 3.6441E-07 3.2203E-07 7.49E-05998.2071 7.50E-02 7.51E-05998.2071 7.44E-02 7.45E-051.00E-04998.2071 1.01E-01 1.01E-041.01E-04 3.9812E-07 3.5182E-07 1.01E-04998.2071 1.00E-01 1.00E-04998.2071 1.01E-01 1.01E-04Table 2: Calibration of 100-1000μL PipetteVolumeSetting(L)Densitybased on 20degrees C(g/μL) Mass (g)Actual Volume(L) (calculatedfrom density andmass)MeanVolume(μL)95%ConfidenceInterval +/-STDEVfor eachvolumesetting AVG1.00E-04998.2071 9.95E-02 9.97E-051.00E-04 1.56398E-061.38209E-061.00E-04998.2071 9.90E-02 9.92E-05998.2071 1.02E-01 1.02E-042.50E-04998.2071 2.50E-01 2.50E-042.45E-04 5.24464E-064.63468E-062.45E-04998.2071 2.44E-01 2.44E-04998.2071 2.41E-01 2.41E-045.00E-04998.2071 4.93E-01 4.93E-044.93E-04 1.07147E-069.46861E-074.93E-04998.2071 4.93E-01 4.94E-04998.2071 4.91E-01 4.92E-047.50E-04998.2071 7.41E-01 7.43E-047.43E-04 6.80183E-076.01078E-077.43E-04998.2071 7.42E-01 7.43E-04998.2071 7.41E-01 7.42E-041.00E-03998.2071 9.90E-01 9.92E-049.90E-04 1.89355E-061.67333E-069.90E-04998.2071 9.88E-01 9.90E-04998.2071 9.87E-01 9.89E-04Table 3: Parallel Dilution (Strategy 1)CalibrationPointVolume addedto flask (mL)TotalVolume inFlask (mL) % SucroseMass of TotalVolume (mg)Density(g/mL)1 5.00E-01 5 4 5.05E+00 1.01E+002 1.00E+00 5 8 5.13E+00 1.03E+003 1.50E+00 5 12 5.25E+00 1.05E+004 2.00E+00 5 16 5.26E+00 1.05E+005 2.50E+00 5 20 5.31E+00 1.06E+00Table 4: Serial DilutionCalibrationPointSolutiondilutedVolume of SDx diluted(mL): 10 mL volumetricflask % Sucrose Mass (g)Density(g/mL)SD1 SD1 1 40 1.1549 1.1549SD2 SD1 7.5 30 11.132 1.1132SD3 SD2 6.67 20.01 11.049 1.1049SD4 SD3 5 10.005 10.6566 1.06566SD1 SD1 1 40 1.1549 1.1549Table 5: Percent Sucrose of Unknown SolutionDensity (g/mL)of UnknownSucroseSolution% Sucroseof ParallelDilution% Sucrose ofSerialDilutionDegrees of Freedom: 8ParallelDilutionSerialDilutionAverage % Sucrose 7.18750.45451.0273 8.156 1.394 Standard Deviation 2.06962.00691.0255 7.594 0.8485 95% Confidence Interval 2.1343 2.0691.0299 8.969 2.182 SPooled4.3761.0128 3.625 -3.000 Texp2.43291.0255 7.594 0.8484 Ttable2.306Table 6. Class Data of Slope and Y-Intercept From Serial and Parallel DilutionsClass Group # Parallel Dilution Serial DilutionSlope Y-intercept Slope Y-intercept02M 1 0.0032 1.0012 0.0033 1.02272 0.0026 0.9915 0.0027 1.00643 0.0546 0.5779 0.0041 0.98634 0.0043 1.0012 0.004 0.988903M 1 0.0041 0.97 0.0043 0.98162 0.0038 0.9864 0.0239 0.73383 0.163 0.9817 0.0173 0.0794 0.0022 0.9957 0.0043 0.96815 0.0016 0.9812 0.0174 0.07436 0.0048 0.975 0.0039 0.99087 0.3228 1.0065 0.4309 0.99778 0.0029 1.0051 0.0041 0.9803Average 0.0475 0.9561 0.0433 0.8175Standard Deviation 0.0985 0.1197 0.1222 0.354195% Confidence Interval 0.0626 0.0761 0.0777 0.2249Spool0.0985 0.1198 0.1223 0.3541Texp0.4319 0.3618 0.3147 0.5704Ttable1.796 1.796 1.796 1.796Degrees of Freedom 11 11 11 11Graph 1: Calibration Curve of Parallel Dilution 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 229.80E-019.90E-011.00E+001.01E+001.02E+001.03E+001.04E+001.05E+001.06E+001.07E+00f(x) = 0x + 1R² = 0.94Parallel Dilution Strategy 1Percent Sucrose vs. Density Linear ()Percent Sucrose (%)Density (g/mL)Graph 2: Calibration Curve of Serial Dilution0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 450.9511.051.11.151.2f(x) = 0x + 1.02R² = 0.94Serial DilutionPercent Sucrose vs. Density Linear ()Percent Sucrose (%)Density (g/mL)Sample CalculationsActual Volume=8.90E-03998.2071=¿8.92E-06Mean=8.92E-06+9.82E-06+9.92E-063=9.55E-06StdDev =√(8.92E-06−9.55 E−06)2+(9.82E-06−9.55 E−06)2+(9.92E-06−9.55