SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.Figure 12.1Using Figure 12.1, match the following:1)Afferent impulses from all senses and all parts of the body converge here and synapse withat least one of its nuclei.1)2)Putamen.2)3)Anterior horn of lateral ventricle.3)4)Inferior horn of lateral ventricle.4)5)Part of the basal nuclei.5)6)Thalamus.6)1Figure 12.2Using Figure 12.2, match the following:7)Pons.7)8)Corpus callosum.8)9)Caudate nucleus.9)10)Globus pallidus.10)11)Thalamus.11)2Figure 12.3Using Figure 12.3, match the following:12)Site of efferent soma.12)13)Site of axons and afferent neurons.13)14)Site of sensory soma.14)15)Gray commissure.15)16)Horn usually containing interneurons.16)17)Site containing central canal.17)18)Multipolar neurons are common here.18)3MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.Match the following:19)Auditory area.20)Primary sensory cortex.21)Somatic motor cortex.22)Motor speech area.23)Premotor area.24)Visual area.25)Taste (gustatory) area.26)Seat of intelligence, abstract reasoning.A)Occipital lobeB)Temporal lobeC)InsulaD)Parietal lobeE)Frontal lobe19)20)21)22)23)24)25)26)Match the following:27)A major relay station for sensoryinformation ascending to primarysensory areas of the cerebral cortex.Contains many specialized nuclei.28)This brain area associates experiencesnecessary for the production ofabstract ideas, judgment, andconscience.29)The axons from this area form themajor pyramidal tracts.30)This area is the main visceral controlcenter of the body.A)ThalamusB)HypothalamusC)Prefrontal areaD)Primary motor cortex27)28)29)30)4Match the following stages of sleep with their descriptions:31)The stage when vital signs (bloodpressure, heart rate, and bodytemperature) reach their lowestnormal levels.32)Indicated by movement of the eyesunder the lids; dreaming occurs.33)Theta and delta waves begin toappear.34)Very easy to awaken; EEG showsalpha waves; may even deny beingasleep.35)Typified by sleep spindles.36)Begins about 90 minutes after theonset of sleep.37)Necessary for emotional health; maybe neural "debugging."A)Stage 2B)Stage 1C)Stage 4D)REME)Stage 331)32)33)34)35)36)37)Match the following:38)Gateway to the cerebrum39)Motor command center40)Survival center41)Executive suite42)Visceral command centerA)CerebellumB)Brain stemC)CerebrumD)HypothalamusE)Thalamus38)39)40)41)42)TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.43)NREM sleep normally exhibits four distinct stages, which appear to alternate.43)44)Petit mal seizures found in children generally go away with age.44)45) Specific motor and sensory functions are localized in specific areas called domains, whereasmemory and language have overlapping domains.45)46)A flat EEG is a good indication of deep sleep.46)47)The corpora quadrigemina superior colliculi are visual reflex centers, whereas the inferior colliculiare auditory reflex centers.47)548)Cell bodies of the somatic motor neurons of the spinal nerves are located in the ventral horn of thespinal cord.48)49)Meningitis is the most accurate term for inflammation of neurons.49)50)The adult spinal cord ends between L1 and L2.50)51)Cerebrospinal fluid circulates within the ventricles of the brain and in the subarachnoid spaceoutside the brain.51)52)The terms fainting and syncope describe the same thing.52)53)The RAS is comprised of specific pathways primarily in the limbic system.53)54)Nondeclarative memories preserve the circumstances in which they are learned.54)55)The first obvious sign that the nervous system is forming in the embryo is the thickening of thesurface ectoderm to form the neural plate.55)56)The left cerebral hemisphere is usually dominant.56)57)The limbic system acts as our emotional, or affective, brain.57)58)The canal connecting the third and fourth ventricles and running through the midbrain is theforamen of Monro.58)59)Commissural fibers form the corpus striatum.59)60)A disturbance of posture, muscle tremors at rest, and uncontrolled muscle contraction are allsymptoms of damage to the basal nuclei.60)61)Projection fibers in the brain mainly connect the right and left hemispheres.61)62)Most of the ascending and descending pathways to and from the brain cross over from one side ofthe body to the other.62)63)The primary visual cortex contains a map of visual space.63)64)One functional center found within the medulla oblongata is a respiratory center involved in thecontrol of the rate and depth of breathing.64)65)Sorting of sensory information and relaying it to the appropriate cerebral sensory area occurs in thehypothalamus.65)66)Embryonic damage to the mesencephalon could result in improper formation of the midbrain.66)6MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.67)The anteriolateral pathways ________.A)are involved in the emotional aspects of perceptionB)receive inputs from a single type of sensory receptorC)are evolutionarily newer than the specific pathwaysD)are also called the lemniscal system67)68)The suprachiasmatic nucleus is found in the ________.A)medullaB)hypothalamusC)ponsD)thalamus68)69)Nuclei of cranial nerves V, VI, and VII are found in the ________.A)ponsB)midbrainC)cerebrumD)medulla69)70)The arbor vitae refers to ________.A)cerebellar white matterB)the pleatlike convolutions of the cerebellumC)cerebellar gray matterD)flocculonodular nodes70)71)The brain stem consists of the ________.A)cerebrum, pons, midbrain, and medullaB)midbrain onlyC)pons, medulla, cerebellum, and midbrainD)midbrain, medulla, and pons71)72)The primary auditory cortex is located in the ________.A)prefrontal lobeB)parietal lobeC)temporal lobeD)frontal lobe72)73)Spinocerebellar tracts ________.A)carry proprioceptive inputs to the cerebellumB)are found in the dorsal columns of the spinal cordC)terminate in the spinal cordD)give rise to conscious experience of perception73)74)What cells line the ventricles of the brain?A)epithelial cellsB)neuronsC)astrocytesD)ependymal cells74)75)The subarachnoid space lies between what two layers of meninges?A)arachnoid and duraB)arachnoid and piaC)arachnoid and epiduraD)dura and epidura75)76)The vital centers for the control of heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure are located in the________.A)cerebrumB)ponsC)midbrainD)medulla76)77)Cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the spinal nerves are located in ________.A)the dorsal