SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.Figure 10.1Using Figure 10.1, match the following:1)Second-class lever.1)2)Humerusulna joint.2)3)Tibiacalcaneus joint.3)4)Humerusmetacarpal joint.4)5)First-class lever.5)6)The action of lifting a shovel of snow.6)1Figure 10.2Using Figure 10.2, match the following:7)Arm abduction and rotation.7)8)Prime mover to protract and hold the scapula against the chest wall; rotates scapula so thatits inferior angle moves laterally and upward.8)9)A muscle that has its origin on the manubrium of the sternum and medial portion of theclavicle, and its insertion in the mastoid process of the temporal bone.9)10)Pectoralis minor.10)11)Coracobrachialis.11)2Figure 10.3Using Figure 10.3, match the following:12)Trapezius muscle.12)13)Teres major muscle.13)14)The latissimus dorsi.14)15)Rotates scapula.15)16)Retract scapula.16)17)Levator scapulae.17)MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.Match the following muscle actions:18)Flexes the wrist.19)Slow-acting finger flexor.A)Flexor digitorum profundusB)Flexor carpi ulnaris18)19)320)Powerful wrist flexors that alsostabilize the wrist during fingerextension.21)Extends and abducts the wrist.22)Extends the thumb.A)Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevisB)Flexor carpi ulnarisC)Extensor pollicis longus and brevis20)21)22)Match the following:23)Muscle that opposes and reverses theaction of another muscle.24)Muscle that stabilizes the origin ofanother muscle.25)Muscle that is primarily responsiblefor bringing about a particularmovement.26)Muscle that aids another by promotingthe same movement.A)SynergistB)FixatorC)AntagonistD)Agonist23)24)25)26)TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.27)A pair of tweezers is a good example of a second-class lever.27)28)Both first- and second-class levers operate at a mechanical disadvantage.28)29)Although all skeletal muscles have different shapes, the fascicle arrangement of each muscle isexactly the same.29)30)Muscles are only able to pull, they never push.30)31)Regardless of type, all levers follow the same basic principle: effort farther than load from fulcrum= mechanical advantage; effort nearer than load to fulcrum = mechanical disadvantage.31)32)Movements of the thigh are accomplished by muscles anchored to the pelvic girdle.32)33)The biceps brachii inserts on the radius.33)34)The chewing muscle covering the ramus of the mandible is the buccinator.34)35)The deltoid is a prime mover of the arm that acts in adduction.35)36)The soleus is a synergist of the gastrocnemius during plantar flexion.36)37)Muscles that help to maintain posture are often called synergists.37)438)In order to propel food down to the esophagus, the pharyngeal constrictor muscles are used.38)39)Plantar flexion at the ankle joint is accomplished by the tibialis anterior muscle.39)40)The arrangement of a muscle's fascicles determines its range of motion and power.40)41)Muscle power does not depend on the direction of the fascicles.41)42)The calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon) is the largest, strongest tendon in the body.42)43)The epicranius or occipitofrontalis has two bellies, the frontal and occipital.43)44)Electromyography is the recording and interpretation of graphic records of the electrical activity ofcontracting muscles.44)45)Severing of the patellar tendon would inactivate the hamstring group.45)46)The broadest muscle of the back is the latissimus dorsi.46)47)Muscle spasms of the back often are due to the erector spinae contraction.47)48)Muscles connecting to the hyoid bone are important for swallowing and speech.48)49)The muscles of facial expression insert into skin or other muscles, not bones.49)MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.50)Which type of lever is demonstrated by using scissors?A)a first-class leverB)a second-class leverC)a third-class leverD)a fourth-class lever50)51)What muscle is responsible for keeping your toes from dragging when walking?A)extensor hallucis longusB)extensor digitorumC)fibularis tertiusD)tibialis anterior51)52)What is the major factor controlling how levers work?A)the weight of the loadB)the difference in the positioning of the effort, load, and fulcrumC)the direction the load is being movedD)the structural characteristics of the muscles of the person using the lever52)53)Which of the following describes fascicle arrangement in a pennate muscle?A)The fascicles are short and attach obliquely to a central tendon that runs the length of amuscle.B)The fascicular pattern is circular.C)The fascicles are in a fusiform arrangement.D)The fascicles form a triangle.53)554)What is the main factor that determines the power of a muscle?A)the shapeB)the total number of muscle cells available for contractionC)the lengthD)the number of neurons innervating it54)55)What is a muscle that provides the major force for producing a specific movement called?A)a synergistB)a fixatorC)an antagonistD)an agonist55)56)When the term biceps, triceps, or quadriceps forms part of a muscle's name, what does it tell youabout the muscle?A)The muscle has two, three, or four origins, respectively.B)The muscle has two, three, or four insertions, respectively.C)The muscle has two, three, or four functions, respectively.D)The muscle is able to change direction twice, three times, or four times faster than othermuscles, respectively.56)57)Which of the following statements is true regarding the total number of skeletal muscles in thehuman body?A)There are over 600 muscles in the body.B)There are approximately the same number of muscles as bones: 206.C)There are approximately 350 muscles in the body.D)If one considers the very tiny, insignificant muscles, there are over 1000 muscles in the body.57)58)The names of muscles often indicate the action of the muscle. What does the term levator mean?A)The muscle is a fixator and stabilizes a bone or joint.B)The muscle flexes and rotates a region.C)The muscle elevates and/or adducts a region.D)The muscle functions as a synergist.58)59)Which of the following describes the suprahyoid muscles?A)They move the pharynx superiorly during swallowing.B)They are a group of muscles that lie superior to the hyoid bone and help form the floor of theoral cavity.C)They are often called strap muscles.D)They depress the larynx and hyoid bone if the mandible is fixed.59)60)The