Biol152(Friday(Quiz(#6(Spring(2015(Key(!There!is!one!best!answer!for!each!question.!!1)!The!loss!of!vertebrate!biodiversity!in!the!Minimum!Critical!Ecosystems!Project!(Tropical!Deforestation!Experiment)!was!due!to:!!a.!an!increase!in!predation!by!third!order!carnivores.!b.!a!loss!of!the!mutualistic!relationship!between!termites!and!protozoans.!c.(an(increase(in(disease(due(to(the(decrease(of(fly(population(regulation.!d.!a!loss!of!habitat!that!is!importan t!fo r! many!vertebrates.!e.!both!c!and!d!are!true.!!2)!If!Wolves!were!to!once!aga in!d isapp ea r!from !th e!Ye llow sto ne !ecosy stem!we!could!predict!the!follo w ing!changes!to!the!populations!of!species!found!in!the!area.!!i.!Elk!increase! ! ! ii.!Elk!Decrease !iii.!Coyotes!incre as e! ! iv.!Coyotes!dec re a se!v.!Vegetation!increases! ! vi.!Vegetation!decreases!vii.!Small!mammals!increase! viii.!!Small!mammals!decrease!ix.!!Increase!in!sc a ve n ge rs ! ! x.!!Decrease!in!scavengers!!a)!i,!iv,!v,!viii,!and!x!b)!ii,!iv,!vi,!viii,!and!x!c)(i,(iii,(vi,(viii,(and(x(d)!ii,!iii,!vi,!viii,!and!ix!e)!none!of!the!above!!3)!Which!of!the!following!statements!is!consistent!with!the!principle!of!competitive!exclusion?!a)!Bird!species!generally!do!not!com p ete!for!nes ting!sites.!b)!The!random!distribu tion!of!on e!com p eting!sp ecies!w ill!have!a!positive!impa ct!on!the!population!grow th!of!the!other!competing!species.!c)!Two!species!with!the!sam e!n iche!w ill!exclude!oth er!com p eting!sp ecies.!d)(Even(a(slight(advantage(will(eventually(lead(to(the(elimination(of(the(less(well(adapted(of(two(competing(species.(e)!Natural!selection!tends!to!increa se!com p etition!be tw een!relate d!spec ies.!!!4)!Which!of!the!following!is!a!correct!statement!about!the!Island!Biogeograph y!M o del?!a)!The!more!species!that!inha bit!an!islan d,!the!low er!the!extin ction!rate .!b)!As!the!number!of!spec ies!on!an !island!inc reases ,!the!emigra tion!rate !decreas es.!c)!Competitive!exclusion!is!less!likely!on !an!islan d!that!ha s!large!nu m bers !of!species.!d)(Islands(far(from(the(main land(rece ive(few(new (im m igrant(sp ecies(com pa red(to(nea r(island s.(e)!Islands!closer!to!the!mainland !have !higher!extin ction