Biology 102Lecture 26Outline of last lecture:I. Clicker QuestionsII. ChondricthayansIII. Ray Finned IV. Lobe FinnedOutline of current lecture:I. Clicker QuestionsII. AmphibiansIII. ReptilesIV. EndothermsClicker QuestionsLobe finned fishes, with their muscular fins supported by stout bones, gave rise to limbed vertebrates called tetrapods. How/why did this happen? What where they using their fins for?a. They were using their muscular fins to drag themselves from pond to pondb. They were using their muscular fins to “walk” underwater through debrisc. They were using their muscular fins to prop themselves up to gulp aird. They were using their muscular fins to dance the MacarenaBecause amphibians rely so heavily on water for reproduction, we say that amphibians…a. Are a weak speciesb. Aren’t very successfulc. Are incompletely adapted to life on landd. Are completely adapted to life on landThere are some dinosaurs that had feathers what could they have been used for?a. Defenseb. Mating ritualsc. Temperatured. Camouflage(all of these are correct)AmphibiansAmphibians: are tetrapods (four limbs)Biology 102- First tetrapods to move on land- They live a double life part of it in water some on lando Lay their jelly like eggs in water and live their adult life on landReptilesReptiles: do not require moisture- Amniotes: tetrapod with a terrestrially adapted eggo Amniotic egg with an amnion, a private pond in which the embryo develops- Nonbird reptile are ectothermic (regulate temperature by seeking shade)Reptiles other than birds are ectotherms (aka coldblooded)- Cold blooded- not really a good description- Environment regulates body temperature- Range restricted- Not active if cold (if they are cold they literally cannot move)- Less energy required, less food requiredEndothermsEndotherms aka warm blooded - They use their metabolism- Metabolism regulates temperature- More of an energy requirement more rangeo Ex. birdsBirds from lineage of a small dinosaur therapod- Long tail with many vertebrae, feathers, wing claw, teeth like dinosaur- Adaptations:o Loss of teetho Tail supported by only small vertebraeo Feathers with hollow shafts- Flight is very costly and birds are endotherms with a high rate metabolismo Need strong breast boneso Have large brains, strong senses needed to surviveMonotreme- egg laying mammal- Oldest groupo Duck billed platypusBiology
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