Lecture 391. Be able to define what zoonotic diseases area. Diseases found primarily in animals but transmissible to humansb. Transmission usually by direct contact or respiratory2. What are typical vectors a. Typical vectors:i. Insects (mosquitos)ii. Ticksiii. fleas3. What is the pathogen for rabies; what are the symptomsa. pathogen: a virus that infects cells of the central nervous system in most mammals, but is also produced in the salivary glandsb. symptoms: fever, salivation, aggressive behavior c. diagnosed by finding of microscopic Negri bodies in nerve cells or using fluorescent antibodies d. virus grows mainly in the brain 4. How is West Nile transmitted; what animals are susceptible a. Mosquito vectorsb. Birds (most commonly affected, most common reservoirs), humans, horses (dead end hosts)5. Be able to describe what a “dead end host” is a. When infectious diseases are not transmitted to other susceptible hosts6. Know the pathogen for each disease and what the vector is a. Rocky Mountain Spotted Feveri. pathogen: Rickettsia rickettsiaii. injected directly into bloodstreamiii. vector: ticks b. Typhusi. pathogen: Rickettsia prowazekiiii. vector: head licec. Q-feveri. pathogen: Coxiella burnetiiii. transmission: tick spreads disease from animal→ animal, cattle and sheep are major reservoirs7. How did Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever get its name a. From the trade mark rash it leaves8. Describe the vector and pathogen that causes Typhus a. Vector: human to human transmission by common body or head liceb. Pathogen: Pickettsia prowazekiic. Called war fever 9. Why is vector control effective in preventing disease transmission a. Reduced disease rates10. Recognize the vector for each of these diseasesa. Lyme disease: deer tickb. Plague: rats11. Be able to identify the pathogens for these diseasesa. Plague: Yersinia pestisb. Lyme disease: Borrelia Burgdorferi12. How does plague get transmitted from wild rodents to humansa. Fleas bring pathogen from wild rodent reservoir humans13. Know the differences between each of the three forms of the plaguea. Bubonic Plague: lymph nodesb. Pneumonic Plague: infection of the lungs, death may occur within 2-4 daysc. Septicemic Plague: bacterium spreads directly into bloodstream, death occurs before diagnosis can be made, close to humans 14. Know the major reservoir of Clostridium tetani and how this can cause disease a. Major reservoir- soilb. Cause disease- spores germinate in anoxic conditions of deep puncture wounds, cells grow and produce
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