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Chapter 8!Safety Management©2015 Cengage Learning.Unintentional Injury Facts• Unintentional injuries are the primary cause of death among children under 14 years of age. (Table 8-1). • Each year, more than 200,000 children under 14 yrs. are treated in U. S. emergency departments for playground-related injuries.Unintentional Injury Facts• Approximately 68% of deaths due to injury-related causes occur among children and adolescents aged 5-19 years.Unintentional Injury• Young children are at especially high risk for unintentional injury due to their: – Limited understanding of cause and effect – Immature motor skills – Inexperience – ExuberanceRisk Management• Requires continuous awareness and implementation of safety practices. • Requires that adults be aware of their own well-being and circumstances that might make them less effective in monitoring children’s safety. • Requires adults to be positive role models.Developmental Risks• In what way do children’s developmental characteristics influence the type of injuries they are likely to sustain? • What are some of the potential sources of risk for: – Infants – Mobile toddlers – Preschoolers – School-age childrenRisk ManagementEffective risk management is based on four basic principles: #1). Advanced planning and thoughtful selection of toys, play equipment, and activities - Plan activities that are developmentally appropriate and address children’s interests and abilities.Risk Management #2). Establishing and consistently enforcing rules - Rules should be based on knowledge of children’s age, interests, and developmental abilities - Adults’ supervisory skills and the number of children in a group must also be taken into consideration - Rules must be appropriate for a given activityRisk Management #3. Providing quality supervision - The majority of unintentional injuries in group settings occur during outdoor play - The amount of supervision required depends on the type of activity and children’s developmental abilities and limitations - Teachers should be trained in first aid and be familiar with a program’s emergency policies and procedures.Risk Management #4. Safety education - Should be ongoing. - Should take advantage of formal and spontaneous learning opportunities. - Should gradually help children develop self-protection skills.Safety and Toys• Selecting safe toys and play equipment – Note: not all manufacturer’s age recommendations are appropriate. Know your children’s abilities and limitations. – Consider construction (non-toxic) and safety features (Teacher Checklist 8-3) – Avoid toys with small parts (choking hazard), sharp edges, projectiles, loud noises, and long strings or cords (strangulation hazard).Safety and Toys– Avoid toys and activities that may be too challenging or too far below children’s skill level. – Be alert to current product recalls and recommendations (www.cpsc.org)Additional Safety Considerations• Only provide art materials that pose no safety risks • Take special precautions to ensure that field trips are safe for children. – Thoughtful planning, emergency preparations, and notification procedures must be addressed.Additional Safety Considerations• Establish feeding and care guidelines for classroom pets – Make sure no children are allergic to animals – Always have children and adults wash their hands after handling any animal.Prepare For Emergencies• Although disasters and serious emergencies are rare, schools must be prepared and ready to respond to: – Natural disasters – Technological and accidental hazards – Pandemic illness – Threats against personal safetyPrepare For Emergencies• Develop a response plan • Gather emergency supplies (e.g., food, first aid, records, play materials) (Teacher Checklist 8-8, Tables 8-5 & 8-6) • Practice and revise plans • Develop strategies to help children cope following an event • Inform


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CSU HDFS 445 - Marotz.Ch8

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