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UIUC MCB 402 - Neuro 2 ANS

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MCB 402Systems and Integrative Physiology• Nien-Pei Tsai, Ph.D.• Erik Nelson, Ph.D.http://www.life.illinois.edu/mcb/402/Neurophysiology• Lecture 1: Introduction, Overview of Nervous System, and Cellular Physiology• Lecture 2: Autonomic nervous system• Lecture 3: Somatosensory system• Lecture 4: Special senses I: Smell, Taste and Hearing • Lecture 5: Special senses II: Vision• Lecture 6: Motor system• Lecture 7: Higher functions of the nervous system• Lecture 8: Development and aging in neurophysiologyResponse systems: 1. Somatic nervous system (performs tasks voluntarily & consciously): motor control, sensory perception, learning and memory, regulation of one’s emotion. 2. Autonomic nervous system (performs tasks involuntarily & sub-consciously): regulation of cardiovascular, respiratory, gastro-intestinal, urinary, and endocrine systems. The ANS is primarily responsible for maintaining homeostasis.How does it work?Example: Somatic ReflexesAfferent: brings information in to the nervous system from sensory receptorsEfferent: carries information out of the nervous system to cause muscle contraction or gland secretionEfferent Pathway of ANSSmooth muscleCardiac muscleGlandsAutonomic Nervous System (ANS)• Regulates function of internal organs• Has three divisions:SympatheticParasympatheticEntericSympathetic vs Parasympatheticnervous systemSympathetic vs ParasympatheticDefined by the origin of the preganglionic neuronsSympatheticAnatomyEyePupil dilationHeartRate increaseStomach and IntestineMotility reducedAdrenal GlandReleases hormonesNeuronsOriginateT1-L3ParasympatheticAnatomyEyePupil constrictsHeartRate and force decreasedBladderWall contractedSphincter relaxedUrine output increasedStomach and IntestineMotility and digestion increasedNeuronsOriginateS2-S4BrainstemAntrinik.orgNeurotransmitters released by adrenal medulla circulate through the body and intensify responses elicited by sympathetic postganglionic neurons.Sympathetic systemSympatheticAnatomyEyePupil dilationHeartRate increaseStomach and IntestineMotility reducedAdrenal GlandReleases hormonesNeuronsOriginateT1-L3ACh: Acetylcholine; M: muscarinic receptor; N: nicotinic receptor; NE: norepinephrine;• Adrenoreceptors: α1and α2receptors β1and β2receptors• Cholinoreceptors: nicotinic receptors muscarinic receptorsAutonomic ReceptorsNeurotransmissionPostganglionic, sympatheticContractionGαqNeurotransmissionPostganglionic, sympatheticIncrease in heart rate and contractilityGαs• Adrenoreceptors: α1and α2receptors β1and β2receptors• Cholinoreceptors: nicotinic receptors muscarinic receptorsAutonomic ReceptprsACh: Acetylcholine; M: muscarinic receptor; N: nicotinic receptor; NE: norepinephrine;Cholinoreceptorsionotropicmetabotropichttp://www.cvphysiology.com/Blood%20Pressure/BP010b.htmANS control of blood vesselsANS control of bladder function An integrated neuronal network within the wall of the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and gallbladderEnteric Nervous System An integrated neuronal network within the wall of the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and gallbladder Control motor functions, local blood flow, mucosal transport and secretions, and modulates immune and endocrine functionsEnteric Nervous SystemCopyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.Summary• Efferent pathway vs Afferent pathway• Preganglionic  Postganglionic  target tissues• Sympathetic vs Parasympathetic function location neurotransmission and neurotransmitters• Adrenoreceptors and Cholinoreceptors• Enteric Nervous


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