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UIUC MCB 402 - Neuro 1 introduction

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MCB 402Systems and Integrative Physiology• Nien-Pei Tsai, Ph.D.• Erik Nelson, Ph.D.http://www.life.illinois.edu/mcb/402/iu.edu, P451Information and Policy• ATTENDANCE of lectures is required. Announcements made in class are considered official.• In the event of ABSENCE from class, a documented excuse must be presented to obtain credit for clicker questions for that day. The instructor may request verification from the Emergency Dean. More than 3 excused absences will only be allowed at the discretion of the instructor.• Your TAs are:Janelle Mapes ([email protected]) 4-5pm Tuesday Alison Neff ([email protected]) 4:15-5:15pm WednesdayLocation: 528 Burrill HallInformation and Policy• Your FINAL GRADE will be in letter grade (with plus/minus). It will be determined by your mean performance as weighted below:– Exam 1: 20%– Exam 2: 20%– Exam 3: 20%– Final Exam: 20%– i-Clicker• up to 10% for participation throughout the semester• up to 10% for correct answers throughout the semester• Total scoring above 90% or in the top fourth of the class guarantees an A, scoring above 80% or in the top half of the class guarantees a B.Register the i-Clicker in both i-Clicker website and Moodle site.Information and Policy• Exam will occur at evening (6:30-8:50pm)MCB 529Topics in Health and Disease• Nien-Pei Tsai, Ph.D.• Erik Nelson, Ph.D.• 2 credits• 2-3:20pm on Thursday• Discussion based course with scientific literaturesNeurophysiology• Lecture 1: Introduction, Overview of Nervous System, and Cellular Physiology• Lecture 2: Autonomic nervous system• Lecture 3: Somatosensory system• Lecture 4: Special senses I: Smell, Taste and Hearing • Lecture 5: Special senses II: Vision• Lecture 6: Motor system • Lecture 7: Higher functions of the nervous system• Lecture 8: Development and aging in neurophysiologyThree roles of the nervous system:• Sensation: big five (touch, taste, smell, see, hear), internal (ion concentration, blood pressure, stretch)• Response: muscle contraction (skeletal, cardiac, smooth), control of glands• Integration: processing of sensory information. Stimuli compared with other incoming stimuli, memories of stimuli or state of the person.SensationResponse + Integration Response - IntegrationLayout of the Nervous SystemCopyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Organization of the Nervous System1. Somatic nervous system (performs tasks voluntarily & consciously)2. Autonomic nervous system (performs tasks involuntarily & sub-consciously)Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Neurons– Electrically excitable– Dendrites: Input portions of a neuron– Axons:Output portions of a neuronElectrical Signals in Neurons• Neurons communicate with each other via action potentials.• Action potential (AP):A rapid depolarization followed by repolarization of the membrane potentialElectrical Signals in NeuronsCopyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Resting membrane potential of excitable cells falls in the range of -70 to -80 mV.Action PotentialsResting state  Reaching threshold  Depolarization  Repolarization  UndershootAction PotentialsConstazo, Physiology 5thPropagation of Action PotentialAction PotentialsConstazo, Physiology 5thPropagation of Action PotentialSynapses1. Chemical synapse: transmission through neurotransmitter; one direction2. Electrical synapse: fast transmission through gap junctions; both directions• Neurotransmitters at chemical synapses cause either an excitatory or inhibitory signals• Neurotransmitter receptors have two structures– Ionotropic receptors – Metabotropic receptorsChemical Synapses• Ionotropic receptors and metabotropic receptors could co-exist in one post-synaptic terminalChemical SynapsesIonotropic receptors: excitatory input 1. Excitatory neurotransmitters bind receptors.2. Positively charged ions pass through cation channels.3. Excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) is elicited.Chemical SynapsesIonotropic receptors: inhibitory input 1. Inhibitory neurotransmitters bind receptors.2. Negatively charged ions (Cl-) pass through Cl-channels.3. Inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) is elicited.Chemical SynapsesMetabotropic receptorsSummary• Central nervous system vs Peripheral nervous system• Somatic nervous system vs Autonomic nervous system• Action potentials are the electrical signals in neurons.• Synapses: Electrical Synapses Chemical Synapses-- Ionotropic receptors: excitatoryinhibitory-- Metabotropic


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