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UA HIST 150C3 - History Exam Study Guide B

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Democratic PartyStrom ThurmondDixiecratsDr. Hector P. GarciaAmerican G.I. Forum, Corpus Christi, TXFelix Z. LongoriaSun RecordsSam PhilipsNormalcySenator Joseph R. McCarthySmith v All rightSecond ReconstructionBrown v. Board of Education (1954)Thurgood MarshallLegal Defense and Educational FundWhite Citizen’s CouncilMother’s LeagueCivil Rights Act (1957)Little Rock Crisis, Arkansas, 1957Daisy BatesGov. Orval FaubusJames JohnsonMothers’ League Central High SchoolThe Cold WarInternational pressRichard Nixon in VenezuelaBen WestDemocratic PartyThis party advocates social and economic equality. It pursues a mixed economy by providing government intervention and regulation in the economy.Strom ThurmondAn American politician who served for 48 years as a United States Senator from South Carolina. He ran for president in 1948 as the States Rights Democratic Party candidate, receiving 2.4% of the popular vote and 39 electoral votes. He became a Republican after1964.DixiecratsThe States' Rights Democratic Party was a short-lived segregationist political party in 1948s, which determined to protect supporters assumed control of the state Democratic parties in several Southern states. The members who called Dixiecrats opposed racial integration and wanted to retain Jim Crow laws.Dr. Hector P. GarciaA Mexican-American physician, civil rights advocate, and founder of the American G.I. Forum. He was appointed to the United States Commission on Civil Rights in 1968.American G.I. Forum, Corpus Christi, TXHispanic veterans and civil rights organization. Its motto is "Education is Our Freedom and Freedom should be Everybody's Business". AGIF focus on veteran's issues, education, and civil rights.Felix Z. LongoriaHis body was returned but the local funeral home denied him wakeservices at the home because he was Mexican American. G.I. Forum fought for the injustice and eventually he was buried near Washington D.C.Sun RecordsAn independent record label of Sun Entertainment Corp, foundedin Tennessee by Sam Philips (1952).Sam PhilipsAs the founder of Sun Studio, he played an important role in the emergence and development of rock and roll and rockabilly as the major form of popular music in the 1950s. NormalcyThe return to normalcy after World War II was difficult. Many women who had been working were laid off. Blacks, who had contributed so much to the wartime economy, were subject to intense racism.Senator Joseph R. McCarthyA Republican U.S. Senator from Wisconsin who became the most visible public face (anti-communist) of a period in which Cold War tensions fueled fears of widespread Communist subversion.Smith v All rightThe court regarded to voting rights and racial desegregation. It overturned the Texas state law that authorized the Democratic Party to set its internal rules, including the use of white primaries.Second ReconstructionAfrican-Americans began holding various political offices, and reclaiming their civil and political rights as American citizens. The political realignment that occurred in 1965, which transformed the nature and composition of both the Republican and Democratic Parties, eroding the Democratic Solid South. The act outlawed literacy tests as a requirement for voter registration.Brown v. Board of Education (1954)Court declared separating public schools for black and white students is illegal, which overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson decision of 1896. As a result, de jure racial segregation was ruled a violation of the Equal Protection Clause.Thurgood MarshallMarshall was the first African-American U.S Supreme Court justice. Before that he was a lawyer who was best known for thevictory in Brown v. Board of Education. Legal Defense and Educational FundFounded in 1940 by Thurgood Marshall. LDF was launched at a time when process of law was stifled by widespread state-sponsored racial inequality, and its mission was to achieve racial justice, equality, and an inclusive society. White Citizen’s CouncilIn order to end school segregation, WCC used violence to counter civil rights goals; they sought to economically and socially oppress blacks. It also tried to stop Montgomery Bus Boycott. Mother’s LeagueMothers’ League of Central High School was the second most important segregationist, which was established in August 1957 byMerrill Taylor.Civil Rights Act (1957)The new act established the Civil Rights Section of the Justice Department and empowered federal prosecutors to against interference with the right to vote.Little Rock Crisis, Arkansas, 1957The Little Rock Nine were initially prevented from entering the racially segregated school by Orval Faubus, the Governor of Arkansas. They then attended after the intervention of President Dwight D. Eisenhower.Daisy BatesShe was an American civil rights activist, and lecturer who played a leading role in the Little Rock Integration Crisis of 1957.Gov. Orval FaubusHe was the 36th Governor of Arkansas who stood against the desegregation of the Little Rock School District, in which ordered the Arkansas National Guard to stop black students from attendingLittle Rock Central High School.James JohnsonHe was a curator, and writer about modern art who expanded the scope of the collection to include abstract expressionist painting and sculpture.Mothers’ League Central High SchoolA group of women as a segregationist group that decided to petition the governor to prevent integration; they supported segregation laws.The Cold WarThe Cold War was a state of political and military tension after World War II between powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others) and powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its allies in the Warsaw Pact).International pressFounded in October 1950, IPI is a global organization dedicated to the promotion and protection of press freedom (media freedom) and the improvement of journalism practices. Richard Nixon in VenezuelaVice President Richard Nixon’s car is attacked by an angry crowd after Latin Americans complained that the U.S. focus on the Cold War and anticommunism and failed to address the pressing economic and political needs of many Latin American nationsBen WestWhile being the Tennessee state senator, he supported a change from at-large to single-member district voting to the Nashville City Council. This enabled the African-American minority to elect some candidates of their


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UA HIST 150C3 - History Exam Study Guide B

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