BIO 141 1st Edition Lecture 26 Outline of Last Lecture II. The Greater Middle EastIII. Mesopotamian to GreeceIV. CoalV. Sustainability Outline of Current Lecture VI. PapyrusVII. MethodsVIII. TextilesIX. Plant FibersCurrent LecturePapyrus- A reed, the symbol of the southern Nile- Fiber quality best at center, poorer towards outside- What paper came fromo 2 layers of soaked fiberso Sugars left stick it togethero Placed in press or under stoneo Dried, and ready to goo Pliny talks to quality grading- What ended the age of papyruso Egyptian export ban 700 C.E.o Ground paper n China since 22 C.E.o Imported by Islam circa 750 C.E.o Techniques from Chinese prisonersModern Methods- Sulfite processo High acidity papero Breaks down fast- Sulfide processo Uses bases rather than acidsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Paper lasts longero Rotten eggs- Lignin removedo Except craft paperTextiles History- Textiles go way backo 34,000 B.C.E. samples form caves in Republic of Georgiao Dried flax- Merger of technologieso Personal looms 25,000 B.C.E. What is now Chzeck Republico Had many tools made from bone Needles, spindles, awls1900s- Difficulties of hemp had kept market suppressedo Low quality of product, back breaking labor- Hemp for papero Advertised as an environmentally friendly options- Mechanization made Wisconsin #1- Low quality and high price killed it compared to cottonPlant Textiles- Cotton- Flax- Juste- Hemp- Bamboo- Pineapple- Ramie- Manila- Nettles- Milkweed- Rayono Modelo ViscoseTypes of fibers- Bast fibers- Seed fibers- Bast fibersProduction (kg/hectare)- Cotton: 300-1100- Flax: 800-1150- Hemp: 1200-2000- Wool: 62Cotton- 25% or more of pesticideso Many are carcinogens- 1 pound of chemical fertilizers for 3 pounds of cottonHemp- High production per acre- Early source of cellulose- Cellulose acetate- Seed and oil- Fiber- Drugso 3 separate varietiesFlax- Ancient- Linseed
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