Domain: EukaryaKingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Advantages of Land-New foods-Less competition-Escape from predators-More oxygen-Warm temperaturesDisadvantages of Land-Physical Support-Water balance-Temperature variationsFrom Water to Land 1. Fins to Limbs-Amphioxus (0 paired fins) ->Agnatha (usually no paired fins) -> Placoderms (1-7 paired fins) -> Chondricthyes & Osteichthes (2 paired fins “ray/lobe”) ->Tetrapods: Amphibians -> Reptiles -> Mammals2. Respiration-Agnatha (Gills) -> Fish (Gills & Lungs) -> Amphibians (Gills-larvae; Lungs-Adult) ->Reptiles, Birds, Mammals (Lungs)-Bird lungs (In & Out – Simple) /// Humans (Complex)3. Temperature Regulation-Poikilotherms (Temperature conformers) ex. Frog (temp incrs w/envir)-Homeotherms (Temperature regulators) ex. Ape (homeostatic temp)4. Water Balance (Water Loss)-Fish (No Problem)-Amphibians (Big Problem)-Moist skin and gills (only specialized to pump out “osmosis”)-Toads /// Also have a bad kidney-Reptiles (Water Loss) -Dry skin, scales-Good kidney / Internal Lungs-Birds & Mammals (Water Loss)-Dry dead skin & fur & feathers-Very good kidney / Internal Lungs5. Reproduction-Fish Embryo (Larva)-Reptile & Bird Embryo- 3 Embryonic Membranes 1. Amnion2. Allantois3. Chorion-Plus Shell -Mammals (Amniotic Membrane)Order of
View Full Document
Unlocking...