PSYX 100 1st Edition Lecture 36 Outline of Last Lecture I Therapy Based on Behavioral Theories II Cognitive Behavioral Therapy III Insight Psychoanalytic Therapy Outline of Current Lecture I Social Psychology II Explaining Behavior Current Lecture I Social Psychology a how individuals thoughts feelings and behaviors are influenced by others b Forming impressions of others person perception process of forming impressions of others i Implicit cultural message about physical appearance beautiful is good ii Assumption that attractive people are more sociable happier better adjusted and more competent c Forming impressions of others snap shot i How do we form impressions 1 Appearance height weight skin color hair color attractiveness 2 Verbal behavior what accent people have spoken mannerisms 3 Non verbal behavior facial expressions eye contact body language 4 Environment impacts our impressions 5 Familiarity impressions change over time d Stereotypes widely held beliefs that people have certain characteristics because of their membership in a particular group i Gender age race ethnicity occupations e Stereotypes are a normal cognitive process i Tend to be broad overgeneralizations ignoring diversity within a group ii why we have stereotypes evolutionary perspective 1 in group a group that one belongs to and identifies with These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute II 2 Out group a group that one does not belong to or identify with a These help us to organize the world around us f Subjectivity in person perception i Illusory correlation people underestimate the number of disconfirmations they have encountered ii Confirmation bias favor one s own perception is spite of contradictory evidence g Stereotype threat actually follow the stereotypes that are put on us by the outside group Explaining Behavior a Attributions inferences that people draw about the causes of their own behavior other s behavior and events i Internal cause of behavior is due to someone s personal dispositions traits ii External cause of behavior is due to someone s situational demands or environmental constraints b Biases in attribution i Actor observer bias fundamental attribution error 1 We tend to attribute our own behaviors due to situational causes while seeing others acts as due to their inner characteristics ii Self serving bias 1 Tendency to attribute successes to internal causes while attributing failures to situational factors iii Defensive attribution Freudian 1 Tendency to blame victims for their misfortune so that one feels less likely to be victimized in a similar way 2 Helps people maintain their belief in a just world 3 Victim blaming
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