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UI CSD 3112 - Articulatory Physiology: Lips, Mandible

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Articulatory System Physiologyvocal tract ‐ tube like series of cavities beginning at vocal folds and ending at lipsarticulators ‐ movable structures which directly form portion of vocal tract wall, or are directly attached to wallserve dual role1 alter shape of vocal tracttherefore change filter characteristics of the tract2 may create sources of vibrational energy at some point in the tract above the vocal foldsThe articulators:LipsMandibleTongueSoft PalateTeethHard PalateThe cavities:NasalOralPharyngealmovable articulators have different biomechanical propertiesaffected by different active and passive forcesall interact with the cavity in which they “reside”Lipsinvolved in:bilabial closurelabiodental articulationlip roundinglip protrusionsmall massrelative to forces availablehighly elasticfast twitch musclebottom line ‐‐‐‐‐ lips set up to move very quicklyUL and LL often treated together as single articulatortend to move in synchrony for most speech tasksbut, magnitude of movement inversely relatedgreater movement of one associated with less movement of otherlot of variation within and between speakersalso, LL position influenced by mandible movementmay view lip position and configuration independent of mandible movementaffected by facial muscle contractions ....position and shape of each lipposition and shape of mouth cornersbilabial compression and lip/teeth compression3 dimensional configuration of anterior portion of oral cavity tubewill have both aerodynamic and acoustic effectsMandibleposition can be adjusted, but not shaperaise, lower, retrude, protract, lateralizerange of movement for speech much less than total rangealso, more restricted than range for chewingjaw never completely closed during speechlarge mass, and therefore lots of inertiaissue ‐ accelerating and decelerating jaw massjaw may reach accelerations of 100‐200 cm/sec2 large compared to many voluntary movementsbut, have large and fast muscle forces acting on mandibletherefore, able to counteract and control jaw inertiamandible not classified as “primary articulator”yet, jaw movement important aspect of speech articulationinfluences UL and LL movementtongue rides on jawdistance tongue has to travel to make dental, alveolar, palatal contacts depends on jaw positioninfluences overall size of oral cavitytwo important aspects of jaw muscle activity1 antagonistic jaw muscles seldom co‐contract during speech2 large variability in patterns of activityCSD 3112 1st Edition Lecture 32Outline of Last Lecture I. Tonguea. Longitudinal median sulcusb. Foramen cecumc. PapillaeII. Extrinsic Musclesa. Genioglossusb. Styloglossusc. Hyoglossusd. PalatoglossusIII. Intrinsic musclesa. Superior Longitudinalb. Inferior longitudinalc. Transversed. VerticalOutline of Current Lecture IV. Articulatory System PhysiologyV. LipsVI. MandibleCurrent Lecture These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Articulatory System Physiology- vocal tract ‐ tube like series of cavities beginning at vocal folds and ending at lips- articulators ‐ movable structures which directly form portion of vocaltract wall, or are directly attached to wall- serve dual roleo 1 alter shape of vocal tract therefore change filter characteristics of the tracto 2 may create sources of vibrational energy at some point in the tract above the vocal folds The articulators:- Lips- Mandible - Tongue- Soft Palate- Teeth- Hard Palate The cavities:- Nasal- Oral- Pharyngeal- movable articulators have different biomechanical properties- affected by different active and passive forces- all interact with the cavity in which they “reside” Lips- involved in:o bilabial closureo labiodental articulation o lip roundingo lip protrusion- small mass - relative to forces available - highly elastic- fast twitch muscle- bottom line ‐‐‐‐‐ lips set up to move very quickly- UL and LL often treated together as single articulator- tend to move in synchrony for most speech tasks- but, magnitude of movement inversely relatedo greater movement of one associated with less movement of other- lot of variation within and between speakers- also, LL position influenced by mandible movement- may view lip position and configuration independent of mandible movement- affected by facial muscle contractions ....o position and shape of each lipo position and shape of mouth cornerso bilabial compression and lip/teeth compressiono 3 dimensional configuration of anterior portion of oral cavity tube- will have both aerodynamic and acoustic effects Mandible- position can be adjusted, but not shape- raise, lower, retrude, protract, lateralize- range of movement for speech much less than total range- also, more restricted than range for chewing- jaw never completely closed during speech- large mass, and therefore lots of inertiao issue ‐ accelerating and decelerating jaw masso jaw may reach accelerations of 100‐200 cm/sec2 large compared to many voluntary movementso but, have large and fast muscle forces acting on mandible therefore, able to counteract and control jaw inertia- mandible not classified as “primary articulator”- yet, jaw movement important aspect of speech articulation- influences UL and LL movement- tongue rides on jaw- distance tongue has to travel to make dental, alveolar, palatal contacts depends on jaw position- influences overall size of oral cavity- two important aspects of jaw muscle activityo 1 antagonistic jaw muscles seldom co‐contract during speecho 2 large variability in patterns of


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UI CSD 3112 - Articulatory Physiology: Lips, Mandible

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