Psyc 412 1st Edition Lecture 20Outline of Last Lecture I. Disorders of the Cardiovascular System (cont.)II. The Respiratory SystemOutline of Current Lecture I. The Reproductive SystemII. The Immune SystemCurrent Lecture- The Reproductive System- Ovaries and Testes:o Females: two ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone one ovary produces an ovum (egg) each month if ovum isn’t fertilized, it is flushed out of the system during menstruationo Males: pituitary controls production of testosterone by the testes Testosterone brings about the production of sperm and secondary sex characteristics o Disorders of the Reproductive System: sexually transmitted diseases chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women cancer disorders of the menstrual cycle fertility problemso Genetics and Health: genetic studies: twin research vs. adopted children help identify characteristics produced genetically vs. environmentally genetic disorders:- genetic contributions to obesity and alcoholism- offset of genetic risks through behavioral interventions- genetic counseling- The Immune Systemo Infection: the invasion of microbes and their growth in the body Four means of infection:- direct transmission - indirect (airborne) transmission - biological transmission- mechanical transmissiono The course of infection: incubation period period of nonspecific symptoms acute phase (disease is at its height): fatality or a period of decline during which invading organisms are expelledo Immunity: body’s resistance to injury from invading organisms develops naturally or artificially nonspecific immune mechanisms and specific immune mechanisms Nonspecific immunity- Phagocytosis- Physical Barriers (e.g., skin)- Antimicrobial substances- Inflammatory response Specific Immunity:- Humoral immunity:- mediated by B lymphocytes- Produce antibodies- Cell-mediated immunity:o involving T lymphocytes Lymphatic System’s role in immunity:- drainage system of the body- spleen, tonsils, thymus gland are important organso Disorders related to the Immune System: AIDS: progressive impairment of immunity cancer: depends heavily on immunocompromise Diseases of the Immune System- infectious disorders:o elephantiasis, splenomegaly, tonsillitis, mononucleosis, lymphomao
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