IE 116 1st Edition Lecture 26Outline of Last LecturePoppies (Papaveraceae)I. BiologyII. Opium Poppy a. Historyb. What is Opium?III. Wara. Alexander the Greatb. 1800sc. American Civil WarIV. Look at the Drugsa. Alkaloidsb. Mixturesc. HeroineOutline of Current Lecture Natural Fibers I. Natural clothesII. What makes a “usable” natural fiber?a. Bast fiberb. Other natural fibersc. Why isn’t linin in our everyday lives?III. Cottona. Productionb. Biologyc. Problemsd. Sally Foxe. Pros of naturalf. Cons of naturalCurrent LectureI. Natural “clothes”- Furs- Leathers- Wool- Silk- NylonThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Rayon- FibersII. What makes it a usable natural fiber?- Uniformityo Uniform in diametero Easy and aesthetically pleasing- Durabilityo Strong, durable, pliableo Bendable for movement- Lengtho Easy to weave and strong- Coloro Light to take dyes- Costo Inexpensiveo Excluding silk- Availableo Easy to grow in many placesa. Bast Fibers- The strongest fibersb. Other natural fibers- Hempo Durableo Ship sails were made with hempo Paper fibers- Juteo Cheapest natural fiber – Highly biodegradableo Not talked about o BURLAP- Manilao Related to the bananao Like hemp, resists salt watero Stronger than hemp and more elastic- Sisalo Agaveo Very stiff, yet stretchyo Agricultural twineo Cigarette filterso Dart boards and mattresses!- Pineapple (Pina fiber)o Formal shirtso Very expensive (done by hand)- Nettleso Hollow fibers like cottono Breathable fabrico Unfortunately has needles - Flax (linen)o Historically used ALL overo Naturally yellowo Tow (short) or Flaxen (long fibers)III. Why isn’t linen in our lives?a. Spinnning Jimmy- Cotton was easily spun in the industrial revolutionIV. CottonMOST IMPORTANT NATURAL FIBER IN THE WORLD. MOST IMPORTANT NON-FOOD CROPa. Production- India and China are major producers of cotton- US is a distant 3rd, export around 60% of growthb. Biology- 10 seeds, 1000s upon 1000s of fibers in a ball- Used for seed dispersal- Long enough to be twisted together- Relatively inexpensive- Hollow- Breathable- Great in holding dye- Has a natural twist, making it easier to weave together.c. Problems- A lot of color variation- Must dye all white cotton before dying other colors- Short fibers, hard to weaved. Sally Fox- 1982 – presento Trying to improve length and quality through plant breedingo Naturally colorede. Pros- DOES NOT FADE over time- No need for dyes and bleaches- Naturally cotton in ANY color, no need for the access dying- Most colored are DISEASE AND INSECT resistant- Dying is time consuming, toxic, and most costly- Numbers of toxic chemicals exponentially go downf. Cons of natural- Low yield- Fibers are small- Strength issues- Potential for contaminationo In fieldo Equipmento At the
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