CHEM 122 11th Edition Lecture 35 Outline of Last LectureI. Standard Gibbs Free Energy of Formationa. Equilibrium ConstantOutline of Current Lecture II. ElectrochemistryIII. Oxidation NumbersCurrent LectureElectrochemistry: deals with the conversion between electrical energy and chemical energy- Volta: invented a crude battery that generated a weak electrical signal- Daniell: constructed the first commercial battery.Oxidation Numbers:- Oxidation-reduction reaction: transfer of electrons from one element to another- Oxidation number rules:1. Oxidation number of any free element is zeroa. Ex.) O2, H2, Cl2 etc.2. The oxidation number of any monatomic ion is equal to its charge. Metals are always positive and in binary compounds, nonmetals have oxidation numbers equal to the charges on their stable monatomic anionsa. Ex) Na+ oxidation number is +13. Sum of all oxidation numbers must equal the charge on the unit.4. Fluorine has an oxidation number of -15. Hydrogen has an oxidation number if +16. Oxygen has an oxidation number of -2- Reduction: gains electrons, the oxidation number reduces, GER- Gain electrons reduction- Oxidation: loss of electrons, oxidation number increases, LEO- Loss electrons oxidation- Requirements for a balanced redox reaction1. Law of conservation massThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best Used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.2. Gains and losses of electrons must be
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