PSYX 100 1st Edition Lecture 33 Outline of Last Lecture I Abnormal Behavior II Mental Health Disorder Outline of Current Lecture I Defining Disorders II Anxiety Disorders III Etiology of Anxiety Disorders Current Lecture I Defining Disorders a DSM Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders b How does DSM define abnormal behavior i Deviant goes against cultural norms ii Maladaptive daily functioning is affected iii Causes clinically significant distress iv Causes problems with daily living activities c A continuum of normal abnormal i Not mutually exclusive one or the other d Epidemiology study of the distribution of mental physical disorders in the population e Point prevalence percentage of population exhibiting a disorder at the time of the study f Lifetime prevalence percentage of people who had a disorder at any time in their life g Etiology causation and development of illness h Prognosis forecast about the probable course of illness i The 5 axis i Axis I clinical syndromes 1 Depression bipolar anxiety schizophrenia ii Axis II personality disorders intellectual disability life long disorders iii Axis III general medical conditions These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute II 1 Diabetes thyroid disorders etc iv Axis IV psychosocial and environmental problems 1 Financial stressors trauma recent death etc v Axis V global assessment of functioning GAF Anxiety Disorders a Disorders marked by feelings of excessive apprehension and anxiety b Difficult to control worry c Symptoms i Restlessness sleep disturbance ii Fatigued and irritable iii Difficulty concentrating d Specific phobias fear that is excessive or unreasonable i Exposure to the phobic stimulus provokes an anxiety response ii Types A S N O B 1 Animal 2 Situational 3 Natural environment 4 Other 5 Blood injection injury iii Social phobia fear of one or more social performance situations 1 Fear of acing in a humiliating or embarrassing way 2 Exposure to feared situation may provoke a panic attack iv Panic attacks period of intense fear or discomfort 1 Peak within 10 minutes 2 Signs pounding heart chest pain shortness of breath nausea feeling dizzy losing control v Panic Disorder recurrent unexpected panic attacks 1 One or more of following a Worry about having additional attacks b Worry about what the attack means vi Agoraphobia anxiety about not being able to escape or get help in case of a panic attack 1 Avoidance of specific situations e Obsessive Compulsive Disorder OCD i Either obsessions or compulsions ii Obsessions recurrent and persistent thoughts images and impulses iii Compulsions repetitive behavior and or mental acts 1 Acts are performed to reduce or prevent stress in a dreaded situation f PTSD post traumatic stress disorder i Person has been exposed to traumatic event ii Re experiencing thoughts or other recollections about the traumatic event III iii Avoidance numbing avoiding cues of the event iv Hyperarousal constant increase of senses Etiology of Anxiety Disorders a Biological factors i Genetic risk ii Anxiety sensitivity high sensitivity to physiological responses iii GABA circuits in the brain b Cognitive styles i Misinterpret harmless situations as threatening ii Focus excessive attention of perceived threats iii Selectively recall threatening material c Conditioning learning i Acquired through classical conditioning ii Maintained through operant conditioning
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