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U-M AMCULT 208 - Final Exam Study Guide
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AMCULT 208 1st Edition Final Study Guide1) Who were the OGs, what were their philosophies and how did they influence future subcultures?-Ralph Waldo Emerson: Nonconformity, individual, new mythologies, rooted in present, body mods-Herman Melville: Transcend ordinary reality to understand reality, metaphysics, experimented sexually set trend for hip with altered states of conciousnees-Henry David Thoreau: value of simplicity, similar to Melville with getting high-Walt Whitman: achieve primitive nature and primal instincts,the idea of digging yourself, look at world with new eyes, life w/o excess stuff, primitive, introspectivedo what feels right2) What are Westhues’s 7 subcultural characteristics and Adler’s 4 traits of the antinomian personality (make sure you can specify whether it is a subcultural characteristic or an Adlerian personality trait).7 CHARACTERISTICS1. Relationships approach communism (not politically)2. Sexual relationships deviate from norm3. Maintain superiority over the mainstream 4. Marginally political5. Reject rewards and statuses of mainstream6. Look to spiritual leders/tribal elders7. exist part from dom. culture and create folkways and mores.ADLERS ANTINOMIAN PERSONALITY1. scorns establishment as evil/corrupt2. preoccupied with altering consciousness3. finds expression in sexual freedom/new art forms4. seeks golden age of childlike innocence/and or spiritual purity3) How do subcultures exist as noise?-interference in the orderly sequence of society/culture-challenge traditional beliefs-temporary block for normal order they divert attention towards the subculture-mainstream attacks (willful tactic of subculture-mainstream can’t ignore )but then commodified 4) What were the forces that helped give birth to the Beats?-nuclear anxiety, the bomb, convergence of art image clothes, rebel grace, spontaneity, interracial friednships, the birth of bop 5) What was the context of the 1950s (technological, cultural, pharmacological, etc) and how did they contribute to the birth of the hippies?SOCIAL/POST WWII:-it was preferable to be married and a parent with more than 1 kid-baby boomers – HUGE POP growth, new young people-first gen. to grow up with TV, smart, experimental TV, changed the idea of the medium is the message, image more impt than spoken word, global village(beatles on Ed Sullivan first global live broadcastTHE ELECTRIC GUITAR – vharged not only music, but also performance, now thousands could watch, symbol of excesstransistor radio, private-recording tape- everyone could record themselvesMEDICAL:the pill: elimates fear of unwanted preg.women control of body-Penicillin: got rid of fear of many diseasesPOLITICALcivil rights – tv seeing black beaten war – no one fucking understandsthe bomb – fully grew up with knowledge of this thingCULTURAL: rock and roll, youth fashion, PSYCHEDELICS!ECON:median income tripledpeople go to collegeor they go to “find selves”there was a sense of pay in the early 60s, having lots of sex,like alder’s sense of childlike innocence6) What was the context of the late 60s and early 70s that helped give rise to the Punks?drugs made illegal, now people are just getting wasted instead of actually doing drugshippies declared selves dead in 1967Nixon/agnew elected,MLK RFK assassinatedWoodstock is overJanis and jimi are deadrock and roll now just “rock”60s end on a really bad notebeatles break up in 70Vietnam rages onkent stateblack panthers espousing violenceweatermen urban terrorjim morrisoon dies in 1971Watergatespiro and Nixon resignALL THAT’S LEFT IS PUNK!disco is popular and shitty7) What is a Protean person?accepting own images of a more fragmented nature than past ideaologies comfortable with images8) What is an icon and how and why were icons used and important to the hippies and/or punks?icons are ideas and images converted into three dimensions, the external expressions of internal convctions, making intangible things tangiblethinking in pictures, opticals, important to hippies because of lights, tv, psychedelics, seeing the world in a way less tangible way than before.for the punks because mainstream society was fucked up and they needed a way to comment on that (like Warhol with his soup can – although it is a soup can, it is so much more—a comment on the fact that mainstream society is flat and dull and boring) so they changed the meaning of these thins9) What do we mean by people being more comfortable with the fragmentation of images than with words?with the advent of television, new technologies, psychedelics, the lights shows in the Haight, it is more accessible for imagesthe more fragmented the medium is, the more importance we place on ittoo many words we are inundated with information10) What things did the Beats and Hippies have in common, and what elements of their cultures were different?NOT in common: hippies made stuff, and the beats had writings instead hippies created icons hippies had access to technology jazz vs rock and rollfragmented imageshippies had a tangible form of musicIn COMMON:transcended reality, both played (but beats were more interested in consciousness)communal relationships and getting togetherescaping mainstream societyboth looked to tribal eldersexpression in sexual freedomart forms11) Why was Punk a DIY culture?-took images and things and made them ridiculous/what they weren’tanti ideas of mass media and consumerismlike andy Warhol using his artwork as a means of commenting on mainsteam anything goes, anti authoritarian stance12) How was the Punk scene related to the Hippie, both in positive and negative ways.punks reaction to the youth scene of the hippies – youth rejecting youth,hippies destroyed rock and roll and what it stood forpunks didn’t look to hippies as tribal elders whereas almost every grpup before looked up a generationyouth against youthpunk went back to the idea that rock and roll didn’t have to be hard anymore13) How did/do subcultures use the idea that the medium is the message? Wheredid this idea come from and why was it important to our subcultures? Did this idea change with each subculture?14) What was the basic philosophy/approach to culture of each of our subcultures? (For instance, the Beats were interested in escaping from mainstream society, the hippies were interested in creating an alternative society, and the punks (loosely defined) were interested in destroying concepts of mainstream society.) Expand on these


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