Anth 245 1st Edition Lecture 21Outline of Last Lecture:- Ancient versus modern DNA - What can we do with ancient DNA? - Themes in aDNAOutline of Current Lecture:- Opium plants in Pakistan- Taphonomy- Key TermsCurrent LectureAccuracy of TSD Estimation - As the postmortem interval (PMI) increases, the predictive accuracy decreases Video about Opium - a tenth of Pakistan's entire economy - floods in about $2 billion a year - Local people want to help destroy Opium plants - Some oppose it because they can't pay back debts without it Family effects on Pakistani Farmers- Drug peddlers come into poor villages and entice the farmers to grow opium- Sometimes get them addicted to drugs and they are constantly in debt to the drug dealers- Children are often taken to compensate for unpaid debts - One man had to trade them his daughter and is now being threatened that they will take his other daughterThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- It is very possible that these girls are being used in the sex trade, but this isn't something openly spoken about at the level of government- Government often doesn't intervene because these are remote villages that basically exist on their own- Harder now to grow Opium plants near to the cities where laws against it can be enforced Introduction to Forensic taphonomy Taphonomy - The processes that affect organic remains including human remains, after death - Examples: decomposition and skeletalization - The scientific study of postmortem processes applied to forensic problems - Distinguish perimortem wounds from postmortem alterations - May help to identify the deceased - Inform on cause/manner of death - Estimate PMI - Multi-disciplinary: - Forensic taphonomy draws on geology, biological sciences, anthropology, archaeology, entomology, etc. Taphonomic Alterations- Environmental Effects - Effects of Burial Environment on Bones - Fluvial taphonomy (fluvial - river) - Marine Environmental Alterations - Weathering - Staining and color changing Carnivores and Scavengers - Gnawing damage - Avian Taphonomy Human alterations - effects of recovery methods on bones - Contemporary alterations to bones- for labs, displays, or teaching purposes - Cut marks A few Key Terms:Acidic soil corrosion White coloration due to sun, bleaching, and fire exposure Adipocere - waxy soapy substance that will be on the skin if its wet for a long time while body isdecomposing Copper-staining on Historic-era remains Interpreting taphonomy How can the context of a burial help us to interpret taphonomic
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