PSYC 1001 1st Edition Lecture 37Outline of Last Lecture I. Classical Conditioning (Con’t)Outline of Current Lecture I. Skinner Boya. Law of EffectII. ReinforcementIII. Punishmenta. Problems with punishmentCurrent LectureI. Sinner Boy: A small enclosure in which responses of an animal can be recorded and consequences of responses controlled.a. Law of Effect:i. Rewarded behavior is stamped in.ii. Punished behavior is stamped out.iii. Formulated by Edward Thorndike (1874-1949).II. Reinforcement:a. Positive Reinforcement: A stimulus that, when presented after a response, strengthens the response.b. Negative Reinforcement: A stimulus that, when removed after a response, strengthens the response.i. Negative reinforcement is NOT punishment.c. Sometimes come reinforcements are not obvious.i. Primary reinforcer: An innately reinforcing stimulus.1. Usually satisfies a biological need. a. Ex.: food and water.ii. Conditioned Reinforcer (secondary reinforce): A stimulus that gains its reinforcing power from association with a primary reinforce.iii. Token: Can exchange for a primary reinforcer.1. For us this is paper money.III. Punishment: An event that decreases behavior that follows it.a. Spanking is positive reinforcement but taking a kid’s sucker away is punishment.IV. Some possible problems with punishment:a. General suppression of behavior.b. Does NOT guide organisms to the desired behavior.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.c. May increase aggressiveness.d. Undesirable behavior may reappear in safe
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