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Purdue SOC 10000 - Religion
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Soc 100 1st Edition Lecture 24 Outline of Last Lecture II. TobaccoIII. Power and authorityIV. Type of political systemsV. Radical powerOutline of Current Lecture VI. ReligionVII. TheoriesVIII. Selling GodCurrent LectureChapter 16 ReligionWhat is religion?- System of beliefs and practices around sacred things, a set of shared ‘stories’ that guide belief and action- Beliefs help shape social behavior by setting expectations about what is right and wrong- Sacred= describe holy things- Profane= describe ordinary, mundane things of everyday life- There are many religions throughout the world, all of which fall into one of three categories:o Theism, is the worship of a god or godso Ethicalism, to certain principles to lead a moral lifeo Animism is the belief that sprits roam the natural world. - Secularism= is a general movement away from religiosity and spiritual belief and toward a rational, scientific orientation.Theory: Marx, Weber, and Durkheim- Karl Marx argued religion was used to keep workers from questioning their oppressed position in everyday life by promising them riches in the afterlife- Emile Durkheimo Argued that religion promoted solidarity by strengthening the collective conscienceThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Felt that sacred symbols become powerful because ppl collectively invest them with power through their shared beliefs- Max Webero Protestantism was necessary for capitalism b/c it states that a person fulfilled theduty to God though hard worko Making money was not frowned upon, although spending money on pleasure and personal enjoyment wasSecularization or speculation?- Pluralism is the presence of numerous distinct religious groups in one societyo Possible negative effect: having too many choices weakens that credibilityof any one church- Attendance at religious services is declining overall in the U.S, but the number of people who profess to have religious or spiritual beliefs is holding steady or rising.At the Micro level- Micro sociologists look at religion at a micro level- Mid- nineteenth century was a time of rapid growth of the U.S, and the development of formal national institutions was helped by many religious organizations- Churches and church organizations also played a key role in the civil rights movement through coalition building, fundraising, and communications- America donates billions of dollars per year to religious organizations and in addition to donations, there is a huge market for religious products, particularly Christian products- Some critics argue that America’s religious pluralism has created a kind of religion marketplace, where people shop around for the brand of faith that best suits them and churches feel compelled to compete for these customersSelling God- In an effort to appeal to a wider audience, especially young people, many churches have incorporated elements of pop culture into their services and messages and added more secular activities to attract members- A megachurch is typically a conservative Protestant church that attracts at least 2,000 people to worships services per week- Megachurches stress family values above religious tradition and are known for being flexible and creativeParadox of popularity- Sect church cycle is one explanation for the existence of so many Christian churches in the U.So Sects usually start out by separating from an existing church because of disagreements over the direction of emphasis of the churcho Over time, if the sect develops a large enough following, it may become a church on its own right, and eventually another sect may split off from it.o Stricter religious institutions are more likely to grow faster than more lenient or open groups b/c members of stricter groups are likely to be more committed and to buy more completely into the group’s overall


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