Ie 116 1st edition Lecture 23 Outline of Last Lecture Psychoactive plants and ShamanismI. Types of substancesa. Depressantsb. Stimulantsc. Hallucinogensd. DeliriumsII. Why be psychoactive?III. ShamanismIV. Role in HistoryOutline of Current Lecture Coca and CocaineI. Biologya. InfoII. History and Traditiona. South Americab. Past usagec. Trepanationd. QuinoaIII. Componentsa. AlkaloidsIV. Early Proponents of Cocainea. Sigmund Freudb. Marianic. Coca-Colad. 19th CenturyV. Current uses of Cocaa. Traditionb. Western MedicineVI. Policya. Evo MoralesCurrent LectureI. Biologya. Info- Erythroxylum cocaThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Height: 7-10 f- Small flowers- 5 yellowish-white petalsII. History and Traditiona. South America- Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, and Bolivia- Peopleo Aymara people in Bolivia Yatiri: Community healers using coca leafb. Past usage- 3500 years in S. America as a mild stimulant- Used to overcome fatigue, hunger, thirst and altitude sickness- Can be brewed like a TEA: Mate de Cocac. Trepanation: Medical Procedure- A hole is bored into the skull. - Both patient and doctor used chewed the leavesd. Quinoa- Chew leaves with small amounts of ashes from quinoa plantIII. Componentsa. Alkaloids- Cocaine is one of the active compounds in E.coca. - Isolated in 1860 in Germany by Albert Niemanno Cocaine, Methylecgonine, Cinnamate, Benzoylecgonineo No Insulin or Mescaline- Blocks re-uptake or breakdown on neurotransmitter: Dopamine pathway.IV. Early proponents of Cocainea. Sigmund Freud- Used cocaine on morphine addicts: Many died, particularly his friend.- 1884: Uber Coca: “Cure-all” or “panacea”b. Mariani- Wine: loved by all including Popec. Coca-Cola- Originally 9 milligrams of cocaine per glass.- Now Cocaine free, coca leaf extract- Stepan Company: Only authorized company by the US government to import (100 tons annually) and process the coca plant.- Mallinckrodt: ONLY authorized company allowed to purify the cocaine for MEDICAL uses.d. 19th Century- Cocaine was a VERY common ingredient in medicines and recreational drugs.- Harrison Tax act: 1914 cocaine use became regulated: cocaine usage reached epidemic levelsfollowing development of smokable cocaine.V. Current Uses of Cocaa. Tradition- Upkeep of traditional methodsb. Western medicine- Mainly CocaineVI. Policya. Evo Morales- President of Bolivia- Fights for Coca “Coca is not
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