Lecture 22Outline of Last Lecture I. Henry Ossawa TannerII. John Singer SargentIII. James Abbot McNeill WhistlerIV. John SloanV. George Bellows, Stag at Sharkey’s 1907-8VI. Pablo PicassoVII. Arthur Dove, Foghorns, 1929VIII. Georgia O’Keefe, City Night, 1926IX. Charles Demuth, My Egypt, 1927X. Georgia O’Keefe, Oriental Poppies 1928XI. Aaron Douglas, Aspiration, 1936Outline of Current Lecture I. Diego RiveraII. Los Tres Grandes Mexican Mural Movement, 1920sIII. Tina Modotti, Workers' Demonstration, Mexico City, 1926IV. Edward Weston, Charrito (Pulcquería), Mexico, 1926V. Frida Kahlo, Henry Ford Hospital, 1932, oil on metlVI. Grant Wood, American Gothic, 1930VII. Thomas Hart Benton, Arts of Life in America Today, 1930-31VIII. Aaron Douglas, Aspects of Negro Life, 1934IX. Richard Haines, Arrival of Fall Catalogue, 1938Current LectureDate: April 21, 2015Title: Modern North and Latin American ArtProfessor: MarshallReadings: Art through the Ages, Book E, pp. 889-893 Dawn Ades, Art in Latin America, 1820-1980 (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2006), pp. 151-179Terms:- Mural: a painting or other work of art executed directly on a wall. ArtH 1001 1st Edition- Fresco: method of painting water-based pigments on freshly applied plaster, usually on wall surfaces. The colors dry and set with the plaster to become a permanent part of the wall. Fresco painting is ideal for making murals because it lends itself to a monumental style, is durable, and has a matte surface.- Mexican Revolution, 1910-20: The Mexican Revolution or Mexican Civil War was a major armed struggle that started in 1910, with an uprising led by Francisco I. Madero against longtime autocrat Porfirio Díaz, and lasted for the better part of a decade until around 1920.- Jose Vesconcelos: appointed by President Álvaro Obregón as minister of public education (1921–24), during which time he initiated major reforms in the school system, especially expanding the rural school program. He was a staunch supporter of the muralist movement in Mexican art, and under his direction leading artists were commissioned to fill the walls of public buildings with didactic murals.- U.S. Public Works of Art Program (PWAP), 1933-35: On December 8, 1933, the Federal Government launched the Public Works of Art Project (PWAP), the first of what would eventually be a series of programs aimed at both promoting the visual arts in public spaces and supporting unemployed artists during the grim years of the Great Depression.- U.S. Works Progress Administration, Federal Arts Projects, 1935-43: The Federal Art Project (FAP) was the visual arts arm of the Great Depression-era New Deal Works Progress Administration Federal Project Number One program in the United States. Funded under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935, it operated from August 29, 1935, until June 30, 1943.- Regionalism: A 20th-century American art movement that portrayed American rural life in a clearly readable, realist style. Major Regionalists include Grant Wood and Thomas Hart Benton. (Book E, 889) Works:- Diego Rivera, In the Trenches, 1928, Ministry of Education, Mexico City- Diego Rivera, Zapatista Landscape-The Guerillas, 1915, Museo Nacional de Arte, Mexico City- Diego Rivera, Ministry of Education Murals, 1626-28, Mexico City- Tina Modotti, Workers' Demonstration, Mexico City, 1926, private collection- Edward Weston, Charrito (Pulcquería), Mexico, 1926, Center for Creative Photography- Diego Rivera, Detroit Industry, 1932-33, Detroit Institute of Arts- Frida Kahlo, Henry Ford Hospital, 1932, oil on metl, Collection Museo Dolores Olmeda Patiño, Mexico City- Grant Wood, American Gothic, 1930, Art Institute of Chicago- Thomas Hart Benton, Arts of Life in America Today, 1930-31, New Britain Museum of Art, New Britain, Connecticut- Aaron Douglas, Aspects of Negro Life, 1934, Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, New York Public Library- Richard Haines, Arrival of Fall Catalogue, 1938, Post Officr, Hastings, MeI. Diego Rivera - Creation, 1922-23 NationalPreparatory School, Mexico Cityo Allegorical/Beautiful- Zapatista Landscape-The Guerillas o Cubist collageo Mexican symbolso Mexican ethnic backgroundo Nostalgico Mountains in background Mexico- Ministry of Education Muralso Day of the Dead  Contrasts between classes  Upper class ignoring traditions -Industryo Detroit Institute of Arts o Busyo Workers Together Automotive workers Ethnically diverseo Through industry, we will achieve interracial harmonyII. Los Tres Grandes Mexican MuralMovement, 1920s- David Alfaro Siqueiros, Proletarian Mother,1930 - José Clemente Orozco, The Trench, 1926-27 Diego Rivera, Nightof the Poor, 1928Diego Rivera, Nightof the Rich, 1928Diego Rivera, Sacrificial Offering, 1923-24Diego Rivera, In the Trenches, 1928Diego Rivera, Day of the Dead, 1924- Diego Rivera, Sacrificial Offering, 1923-34III. Tina Modotti, Workers' Demonstration, MexicoCity, 1926- Masses, not individualsIV. Edward Weston, Charrito (Pulcquería), Mexico,1926- Mural- Depicts a baro AlcoholV. Frida Kahlo, Henry Ford Hospital, 1932, oil on metlo Commemorated miscarriageo Precisionist paintings in background o Bleeding body Martyrdom of selfo Six icons Umbilical cords- Pelvis- Male fetus- Torsoo Almost went in to medicalschool- Orchid sent by DiegoVI. Grant Wood, American Gothic, 1930 - American Regionalisti. American Scene- Oil on Canvas- Ordinary Americans for Ordinary Americansi. Conservative- Farmer- Annual Exhibition at Art Institution in Chicagoi. Became famous- Iowansi. Strongly frontalii. Flatiii. Not very dynamiciv. Standing their ground, not going to change thingsv. Repressed color scheme- Influenced by photography- No smiles in this painting; no smiles in photographsVII. Thomas Hart Benton, Arts of Life in America Today, 1930-31- Mural - Educational spacei. Whitney Museum of American Art VIII. AaronDouglas, Aspects of Negro Life, 1934- In a library- Pictorially educational- Plantation scene - White cotton fluffs - Politically revolutionary- Not all is beautiful IX. Richard Haines, Arrival of Fall Catalogue, 1938- Federal Arts Project Commission Arts of Life in America: Arts of the West; 1930-31Arts of Life in America: Arts of the South;