BIOLOGY 121 1st Edition Lecture 36 Outline of Last Lecture 1. Non-Specific Defense Mechanisms2. Inflammatory Response3. Active Immune Response4. AntibodiesOutline of Current Lecture 1. Antibodies2. Diversity among antibodiesCurrent Lecture - 4/20/15Antibodies:- two heavy chains and two light chains - homodimers- each has a variable region and a constant regionDiversity among antibodies:- combinatorially- several different pieces of DNA assembled together- set of interactions between T cells and B cells- generates clone- antibody molecules = immunoglobins- different classes of IGs- immunization = active immunity- epitope = site of an antigen that binds to an antibody- B cells - produce antibodies- constant region - same in all people- variable region - different per person- IG domain - regions are IGs- heavy chain divided into 4 IG domains- lock and key structures for epitopes- number of binding sites increases so does number of antibodies you create- somatic recombination - DNA deleted between randomly selected V and J segments - transcription - DNA of differentiated B cell- RNA processing - pre-mRNA- translation - B cell receptor- different B cells have different DNA structure- special enzymes make cuts in DNA- hypermutation in the V domain - amino acid sequences of antibodies vary- unequal joining - insert up to 20 nucleotides of random sequence = additional variabilityThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- random insertion of
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