CPSC 382Organic Chem Biol ProcTopic #3 - Making Carbon Reactive!1. General overview of reaction typesa. Homolyticb. Heterolyticc. Electrophiled. Nucleophile2. Free-radical reactionsa. Initiation reactionsb. Propagation reactionsc. Termination reactionsd. Lignification of the plant cell wall as example of a biological free-radical reaction process3. Electrophilic reactionsa. Reaction with electrophileb. Alkene addition reactionc. Regiospecificity of reactiond. Markovnikov’s Rule4. Nucleophilic reactionsa. Nucleophilic substitution reationsb. Sn2 mechanismc. Sn1 mechanismd. Reactions of S-adenosylmethionine as example of a biochemical Sn2 reaction5. Elimination reactionsa. E2 mechanismb. E1 mechanism6. Organic reaction mechanisms in the active sites of enzymesa. Aldolaseb. Transketolasec. Rubisco in photosynthesis7. Rates of chemical reactionsa. Equilibrium constantb. Concept of “Free-Energy”c. Reaction diagrams and the concepts of activation energy and enthalpyd. Arrenius equationReaction types:Free-Radical Reaction Processes:Lignin Formation in Plant Cell Walls as an Example of a Biologically- Relevant Free Radical ReactionElectrophilic Reaction Mechanisms: Regioselectivity and Markovnikov’s Rule:Molecular Orbital Explanation:Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions:Sn2 Mechanism:Sn1 Mechanism:Metabolism of S-adenosylmethionine as an Example of an Sn2 Mechanism in Biochemistry:Elimination Reactions-- E2 and E1:Organic reactions as involved in the mechanism of enzymes:Reaction diagrams, activation and the energetics of organic