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UT Knoxville ANSC 160 - AS 160 - Poultry Handout

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1AS 160 AS 160 --Poultry Poultry Dr. Michael SmithDr. Michael Smith http://www.nass.usda.gov/Charts_and_Mahttp://www.nass.usda.gov/Charts_and_Maps/Meat_Animals_PDI/lbspr.aspps/Meat_Animals_PDI/lbspr.aspPer Capita Meat ConsumptionPer Capita Meat Consumption Total red meat and poultry = 216 lbsTotal red meat and poultry = 216 lbs Beef = 62.8Beef = 62.8Pork = 49 5Pork = 49 5Pork = 49.5Pork = 49.5 Chicken = 83.5Chicken = 83.5 Turkey = 17.6Turkey = 17.6Glossary of Poultry TermsGlossary of Poultry Terms Avian Avian ––pertaining to birdspertaining to birds FowlFowl-- collective term for chickens, ducks, collective term for chickens, ducks, turkeys, etcturkeys, etcPoultryPoultry--general term for all domesticated birdsgeneral term for all domesticated birdsPoultryPoultrygeneral term for all domesticated birdsgeneral term for all domesticated birds BrooderBrooder -- artificially heated area or unit for artificially heated area or unit for raising young birdsraising young birds Brooding Brooding –– act of raising young birds under act of raising young birds under environmentally controlled conditions environmentally controlled conditions during the first few weeks of lifeduring the first few weeks of lifeGlossary of Poultry Terms Cont’dGlossary of Poultry Terms Cont’d EmbryoEmbryo -- chicken prior to hatchingchicken prior to hatching BroilerBroiler -- young chicken raised for meatyoung chicken raised for meat LayerLayer -- mature bird of an eggmature bird of an egg--laying laying strainstrainstrainstrain CaponCapon -- castrated malecastrated male Cock Cock -- intact male, one year or olderintact male, one year or older CockerelCockerel -- intact male, less than one yearintact male, less than one year HenHen -- mature femalemature female PulletPullet -- sexually immature femalesexually immature femaleGlossary of Poultry Terms Cont’dGlossary of Poultry Terms Cont’d BeakBeak-- horny projection from the head.horny projection from the head. --Corresponds to mammalian lipsCorresponds to mammalian lips CombComb-- fleshy protuberance on top of headfleshy protuberance on top of head Cloaca Cloaca –– common chamber for reproductive and common chamber for reproductive and digestive tract dischargesdigestive tract discharges Shank Shank –– portion of leg below hockportion of leg below hock Spur Spur –– stiff, horny projection from inner side of stiff, horny projection from inner side of shankshank**Know everything**per personKnow terms!Caponizing them2Glossary of Poultry Terms Cont’dGlossary of Poultry Terms Cont’d Candling Candling –– examination of egg contents by examination of egg contents by passing light beam through egg. Used to passing light beam through egg. Used to determine egg quality or embryo viabilitydetermine egg quality or embryo viability Hatching Hatching ––emergence of young bird from shellemergence of young bird from shell Incubator Incubator ––apparatus for artificially hatching apparatus for artificially hatching eggseggs Hatchability Hatchability ––proportion of incubated eggs that proportion of incubated eggs that hatchhatchGlossary of Poultry Terms Cont’dGlossary of Poultry Terms Cont’d Gizzard Gizzard ––muscular stomach of the fowlmuscular stomach of the fowl Proventriculus Proventriculus ––glandular stomachglandular stomachBeak trimmingBeak trimmingremoval of portion ofremoval of portion ofBeak trimming Beak trimming ––removal of portion of removal of portion of beak to prevent cannibalismbeak to prevent cannibalism Dubbing Dubbing –– removal of portion of combremoval of portion of comb Clutch Clutch ––series of eggs laid on successive series of eggs laid on successive daysdaysDefinitionsDefinitions Chickens:Chickens:MaleMale = cock= cockFemaleFemale = hen= henYoungYoung=chick=chickYoungYoung= chick= chick Turkeys:Turkeys:MaleMale = tom= tomFemaleFemale = hen= henYoungYoung = poult= poultDefinitionsDefinitions Ducks:Ducks:MaleMale = drake= drakeFemaleFemale = hen= henYoungYoung = duckling= duckling Geese:Geese:MaleMale = gander= ganderFemaleFemale = goose= gooseYoungYoung = gosling= goslingDefinitionsDefinitions Swans:Swans:MaleMale = cob= cobFemaleFemale = hen= henYoungYoung = cygnet= cygnet Guinea fowl:Guinea fowl:MaleMale = cock= cockFemaleFemale = hen= henYoungYoung = keet= keetDefinitionsDefinitions Peafowl:Peafowl:MaleMale = peacock= peacockFemaleFemale=peahen=peahenFemaleFemale= peahen= peahenYoungYoung = peachick= peachick Bantams:Bantams:Fowls that are miniatures of fullFowls that are miniatures of full--sized sized breeds. ~1/5 size of standard birdsbreeds. ~1/5 size of standard birds*it takes 21 days for eggs to hatch3Digestive SystemDigestive SystemFemale Reproductive SystemFemale Reproductive SystemDay 1Day 1Day 4Day 4Day 3Day 3Day 8Day 8 Day 9Day 9Day 7Day 7Day 6Day 6Day 5Day 5Day 15Day 15Day 19Day 19Day 18Day 18Day 16Day 16Day 14Day 14Day 12Day 12Day 10Day 10ClassClass A group of breeds originating in the same A group of breeds originating in the same geographic areas. Names taken from geographic areas. Names taken from region of originregion of origingggg4Common Classes of ChickensCommon Classes of Chickens AmericanAmerican AsiaticAsiaticEnglishEnglishEnglish English  MediterraneanMediterraneanBreedsBreeds Established group of birds having a Established group of birds having a common origin, with similar characteristics common origin, with similar characteristics such as body shape and weight, that such as body shape and weight, that yp g,yp g,distinguishes them from other birdsdistinguishes them from other birdsVarietyVariety A subdivision of a breed, distinguished by A subdivision of a breed, distinguished by color, color pattern, comb, or some other color, color pattern, comb, or some other physical characteristicphysical characteristicpypyStrainStrain Families or breeding populations that have Families or breeding populations that have been selected for some trait or traits over been selected for some trait or traits over five or more generations through closed five or more generations through closed ggggflock mating. They are the product of an flock mating. They are the product


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UT Knoxville ANSC 160 - AS 160 - Poultry Handout

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