ARTHIST 101 1st Edition Lecture 21 The Late Empire 193 337 AD Painted Portrait of Septimius Severus and his family tempera on wood Egypt c 200 AD Tondo Chose both sons for chief of successor wants both sons to rule the empire 2 figures of the sons Caracalla has his brother assassinated extremely paranoid Went on a campaign to erase his brother s name from history Jean Baptiste Greuze Septimius Severus and Caracalla Oil on canvas 1769 AD Caracalla fails to assassinate his father Severus Caracalla is Intensely ambitious of the time Caracalla Not intending to rule Rome through civil unity pride Idea is rule through fear Focus on intimidation Portrait of Caracalla Marble c 211 217 AD Sense of brutality Fierce and aggression No sense of hope in the face Scowl and penetrating eyes Intent was to show he had great military strength Soldier s crew cut on portrait to show his power Replicated and sent out throughout the empire Intensely authoritative powerful His bodyguard plotted against him and kills him while he is pissing in the woods These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute The time of the soldier emperors assassinated or committed suicide Diocletian One of the most brutal emperors Growing focus on boundaries of Rome being stable Understood how to regain power in the empire Tetrarchy The rule by 4 Empire is too large to be governed just by Rome 4 imperial rulers Idea was to create peaceful transition of power An equal sharing of power throughout the country Portrait of the four tetrarchs porphyry From Constantinople Venice Italy c 305 AD Image of 4 figures Abstraction Idea that the empire is shifting Intensive imperial power Nearly identical in every way Perfectly symmetrical Embracing one another across the board Solidity of the government Imperial buskins Amplifies a sense of the unity of the government Symbolic purpose single body of government Stylistic unity Split into 4 yet still show unity Constantine Father was a part of the tetrarchy Unites the west under one government May 312 AD Raphael and Giulio Romano the Vision of Constantine Fresco 1520 24 AD Malvian bridge Constantine has a vision with Jesus Christ in it Constantine decimates his competition The edict of Mulan made Christianity acceptable Constantine converted to the Christian faith baptized Begins sponsoring major churches Constantine become the 1st Christian ruler of the roman empire Arch of Constantine Rome Italy c 312 315 AD Placed just outside of the Coliseum Restores the idea of order Corinthian columns Colossal inscription on top of the arch Spolia taking from other objects and using for your own from good emperors shows that he is solidifying his legacy from the Great emperors from the past Connected to their general oversight Inscription with Trajanic era Dacian prisoners marble attic detail from arch of Constantine 312 315 AD First time divinity is defined as a singular Hadrian Constantine hunting a boar Marble north tondo detail from arch of Constantine c 117 138 AD Naturalism Took Hadrian and used him to connect himself to Hadrian using Spolia Distribution of Largess Marble north Frieze detail from arch of Constantine c 312 315 AD Begin to focus on Christ Payoffs and political appointments Constantine seated between the two bands Profile geometric view Idea is to show that these are the supporters of Constantine Basilica Nova Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine Rome Italy c 306 312 AD Concrete core General sense of the floor plan 3 aisle design Nave is the center design Upper level shows clearstory allows light into structure Apse largely speaking platforms One platform is enormous to amplify the forever presence of Constantine Votive figure Fragments of colossal statue of Constantine Marble From Basilica Nova c 315 330 AD Fusion between naturalism and idealization New stylistic abstraction 9 feet tall Finger pointing pointing to the heavens knee cap and bicep Large open eyes Clef chin Eyes turned upward specifically Fusion of the eyes and hand his rule does not come from the rule of the senate Thanks his ruling to Christ himself and guiding his leadership Constantine in 325 AD moves the capital and names it Constantinople Amplifying roman authority New power structure for Rome Continuation of Rome