Chem 102 1st Edition Lecture 17Outline of Last Lecture I. Effects of Concentration on Cell EMFII. BatteriesIII. CorrosionIV. ElectrolysisOutline of Current LectureI. Transition Metal PropertiesII. Coordinate Covalent BondIII. Ligands and ClassificationCurrent LectureI. Transition Metal Properties-Atomic Radius- competing forces LR. Nuclear charge increases, stronger nucleus pulls electrons closer. Metallic bond strength increases then decreases, based on unpaired d-electrons, more unpaired then the stronger the bond. TopBottom, generally size increases due to increased principle quantum number. -Oxidation states- Based on d-subshell configuration. Period 4 is the most common oxidation state, contains 4 valence electrons. Metals are capable of more than 1 charge. -Color-based on unpaired d-electrons. -Magnetism- Spin of electron produces a magnetic moment. Diamagnetic-all electrons paired, so spins cancel, therefore has a faint magnetic character. Paramagnetic- 1 or more unpaired electrons, spins are random, have net attractive interaction. Ferromagnetism- 1 or more unpaired electrons, spins are aligned producing a strong attractive interaction. These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.II. Coordinate Covalent Bond-Typical covalent bond- sharing of electrons, 1 from each atom. -Lewis Acid-Base reaction- Sharing of electrons, both electrons come from single donor, coordinate covalent bond. -Coordination Chemistry- The study of transition metal reactions, typically containing complexes. -Complex- the result of a lewis acid-base adduct. Central atom-lewis acid. Ligands-Lewis base. These typically have a net charge. III. Ligand-Every ligand must have at least 1 unshared pair of valence electrons. They can either be polar molecules or ions. -Forming a complex changes a metal ions ability to oxidize/reduce. Less positive E means harder to reduce, and weaker oxidizing agent. -The atom in the ligand that coordinates to the TM is called the donor atom. Monodentate- bind by a single donor atom. Only 1 atom will attach at a time. Bidentate- 1 molecule, 2 donor atoms. Both atoms attach at the same time. Polydentate- 1 molecule, 3+ atoms. All attach at same
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