Draft Review for Exam 1 -377Note: Although the test consists entirely of multiple choice questions, the level of information you will be tested on is application. As you study, think about how the information that has been presented applies to adolescents and those who work with them. Do use the review questions available on-line https://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0073532037/student_view0/chapter1/ (9th edition)http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0073532118/student_view0/index.html (10th edition)Biological Transitions do we need to know specific age of areas and development and the three examples given?1) Describe the secular trend in the changing timing of puberty. Secular trend in changing timing of puberty2) Recognize that there is cultural variation in pubertal timing.3) Recognize the outcomes of pubertal timing when early or late for males and females.4) Recognize how sleep patterns change in adolescence #6 the HPG axis.11. Recently Cory, a fifteen-year-old, has begun complaining about difficulties with falling asleep at night and waking up early in the morning. These changes in patterns of sleep are due to:biological and environmental factors#12Which of the following statements about sleep during adolescence is false? adolescents tend to go to bed later/sleep in later because of purely external, environmental factors19 Which statement regarding self-image during puberty is false? Feelings about one's own appearance become increasingly more negative as children move from adolescence to adulthood.20. The tendency to stay up later at night, and sleep later in the morning in adolescents is driven by the biological changes of puberty and is known as: delayed phase preference.#28 How do early versus late-maturing females compare in terms of emotional difficulties (lowered self-image, higher rates of depression, anxiety, and eating disorders)?early-maturing females have more emotional difficulties38 The leading cause of mortality among adolescents around the world is: unintentional accidentsCognitive Transitions 1) Recognize the five changes in cognition that occur in adolescence.2) Describe the changes that occur in the prefrontal cortex and limbic system that may explain why adolescence is a period of heightened experimentation and risk.#8 The adolescent's ability to provide more sophisticated answers to complex questions is a result of the development of thought conducted: on multidimensional levels.#13 The large part of the brain that processes emotions, and may make individuals more emotional, more responsive to stress, and more likely to engage in reward-seeking and sensation-seeking behavior, is known as the: Limbic system# 14 Piaget described the stage of cognitive development that emerges between adolescence and adulthood as the: formal operations period#16 Piaget's theory of cognitive development would support which of the following conclusions regarding achievement of formal-operational thinking? not all adolescents, or adults, develop formal operational thinkingSocial Transitions1) Describe the social redefinition of adolescence and its impact on psychosocial development.2) Outline the evolution of the “adolescent” and the impact these changes have had on society.3) Discuss the four primary changes in status that an adolescent experiences.4) Describe changes that might facilitate an easier transition to adulthood for U.S. adolescents and what few transitions currently exist.The textbook notes that all of the following are common practices in the process of social redefinition, except: the adolescent being banned from living in his/her parents' home.Identity 1) Discuss how pubertal, cognitive, and social transitions affect an adolescent’s identity development.2) Define self-conception and identify the changes that take place between childhood and adolescence.3) Define barometric and baseline self-esteem.4) Describe gender, class, and ethnic differences in self-esteem.5) Describe the influence of social context on identity development.6) Distinguish the concepts of gender identity and sexual identity. 7) Discuss how pubertal, cognitive, and social transitions affect an adolescent’s identity development8) Define self-conception and identify the changes that take place between childhood and adolescence. 9) Define barometric and baseline self-esteem.10) Describe gender, class, and ethnic differences in self-esteem. 11) Describe the influence of social context on identity developmentsalientAutonomy1) Define the three types of autonomy.2) Discuss the development of emotional autonomy and the issues of detachment and individuation.3) Describe the influence of parenting style on the development of adolescent autonomy.4) Identify the three domains of behavioral autonomy.5) Discuss the difference between the changes in susceptibility to peer pressure and the strength ofpeer pressure during adolescence.6) Describe Gilligan’s approach to moral development and how it differs from that of Kohlberg’s.7) Describe the changes that take place in adolescents’ thinking about politics and