OutlineLecturePSY 2301 1st Edition Lecture 14OutlineI. Theoretical Orientation QuizII. Items 1-21III. Personality PsychologyLecture I. Theoretical Orientation QuizA. Read each statementB. Decide whether you1. Agree more than disagree (A)2. Disagree more than agree (D)II. Item 1A. In attempting to understand human being one should stick to what can be directly observed and avoid theories or concepts that defend on that which cannot be seen or observedIII. Item 2A. Events taking place in the present are systemically linked to events that have occurred in one’s pastIV. Item 3A. A specific example of a person’s behavior cannot be understood without considering the individual and their life as a wholeV. Item 4A. People are basically good (as opposed to evil or neutral). If left to a natural state without external control, they seek health and personal growth while respecting the rights of others to do the sameVI. Item 5A. A person’s character is largely determined before they reaches adulthood. The only changes that one can expect from an adult are relatively small ones, and these occur slowly over long periods of timeVII. Item 6A. General laws of behavior and experience that apply to all people are not very helpful. If you want to understand a particular individualVIII. Item 7A. Much behavior, bot normal and abnoremal, is directed by unconsicious impulses and motivationsIX. Item 8A. Aggression is an inherent and inescapable part of human natureX. Item 9A. People are capable of making major and lasting changes in themselves within a relatively brief period of timeXI. Item 10A. Human behavior can be understood as a continuous attempt to increase pleasure and to avoid pain and discomfortXII. Item 11A. There are no values inherent in human nature or the human condition – only those that are discovered or learned through experienceXIII. Item 12A. Learning processes play amajor determining role in the formation of personality and human behaviorXIV. Item 13A. Events that occur early in life are more important in determining on’es adult personality and behavior than are similar events occurring after the person has reached adulthoodXV. Item 14A. Looking inside a person for the causes of bahvior (for needs, impulses, motivations, etc.) is probably more misleading than enlighteningXVI. Item 15A. People are neither inherently good nor basically selfishXVII. Item 16A. In order to change a present pattern of behavior, it is important for the person to explore the past, particularly childhood, to find the causes of behaviorXVIII. Item 17A. Little or none of what people do is the result of free will. Behavior is controlled by lawful principles, and free choic is an illusionXIX. Item 18 A. If I wanted to know something about a person, I’d find it much more useful to have a personal interview with them than to look at some objective personality test resultsXX. Item 19A. What people choose or decide is an important determinant of what they doXXI. Item 20A. Early childhood experiences largely determines what a person is and doesXXII. Item 21A. The current environemtn largely shapes what a person is and doesXXIII. Personality PsychologyA. 1st Force1. Psychoanalysis2. Europea. Freud, JungB. 2nd Force1. Radical Behaviorism2. USAa. Skinner, WatsonC. 3rd Force1. Humanism2. Europe and USAa. Rogers, Maslow3. Intermediate Forcesa. Trait Theoristsi. Cattell, Eysenckb. SLT/CBTi. Michenbaum, Beckc. Neo-Freudiani. Horney, Fromm,