PSYC 3830 1st Edition Lecture 24 Outline of Last Lecture I. Impulse Control Disordersa. Oppositional Defiant Disorderb. Intermittent Explosive Disorderc. Conduct Disorderd. Pyromania e. Kleptomania Outline of Current Lecture I. Treatment a. Maintaining factors b. Mental Health Professionalsi. Clinical psychologyii. Psychiatryiii. Social workc. Categories of Medicationi. Antidepressantsii. Mood Stabilizersiii. Antipsychoticsiv. Anxiolyticsd. Types of Therapiesi. Psychodynamicii. Humanistic TherapiesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.iii. Behaviorist / Cognitiveiv. Mindfulness TherapiesII. Modes of Psychotherapya. Individual b. Family/Couplesc. Groupd. Self help/bibliotherapy/appse. Telehealthf. Lay-LedIII. Motives for TreatmentsIV. Research Current LectureI. Maintaining Factorsa. Using the consilience modelb. The problem isn’t as important, what’s important is where the problem can be fixedII. Mental Health Professionsa. Clinical Psychologyi. PhD or PsyD1. PhD – standard scientific practitionera. Grad school – clinical training and research 2. PsyD – psychology version of an MDa. Focused on practice, not much on research ii. Specialize in testing, uniqueness of individualsb. Psychiatryi. More toward the smaller end scale of the consilience model ii. MD – regular medical schoolc. Social worki. Large end of the scaleii. MSW – masters of social work iii. Sociology based approach 1. Learn about society and how society influences the person2. Link people to social systems to maintain an independent lifestyleiv. Religious counseling d. Everyone can do psychotherapy i. However, MDs are more expensive so they are more limited with time III. Categories of Medicationa. Antidepressantsi. Work with serotonin and norepinephrineii. Help with large range of problemsiii. Takes a long time to workiv. Ex: Prozac 1. More popular because it’s easier to prescribe2. Also, it has a larger therapeutic window a. Easily adjustable dosage for decreased side effectsb. Mood Stabilizersi. Primarily for bipolar symptomsii. Effective for a large range of thingsiii. Takes a long time to workc. Antipsychoticsi. Schizophrenia and other psychotic disordersii. Effective for a large range of thingsiii. Makes people feel badd. Anxiolyticsi. Anti-anxietyii. Primarily for anxiety disordersiii. Addictive, work quicklyiv. Interfere with psychotherapy treatmentsIV. Types of Therapiesa. Psychodynamici. Role of therapist:1. Expert, neutralii. Theory of dysfunction:1. Most problems are the result of internal conflicts they are unaware of 2. Discovering those conflicts helps the person take controliii. Long treatment lengthb. Humanistic i. Role of therapist:1. Acts as a peer or a mirror2. Doesn’t provide much direction or answersii. Theory of dysfunction:1. Idiosyncratic2. Very individualized3. The client is able to figure out what’s wrong c. Behaviorist / Cognitivei. Role of therapist:1. Acts as a teacher or mentor2. Friendship role3. Teaches them skillsii. Theory of dysfunction (Behaviorist):1. Faulty learningiii. Theory of dysfunction (Cognitive):1. Problem is with how the person interprets the world2. Automatic thoughts 3. Assumptions we make without really thinking about them d. Mindfulness i. Similar to behavioral/cognitiveii. Role of therapist:1. Teacher or mentoriii. Theory of dysfunction:1. The problem might not be changeable, so address how the problem is affecting your life V. Modes of Psychotherapya. Individuali. Client meets one on one, face to face with a therapistii. Private settingiii. Standard, default techniqueb. Family/Couplesi. Best for people whose issues are best addressed with their family or partnerii. Ex: when the couple knows their problem is the relationship or when theyboth think the problem is the other personiii. In family therapy, there is an identified patient (with a diagnosed disorder), but the treatment is most effective when here is a change in social environment iv. NOT working from the DSM angle 1. The problem isn’t usually the person, it’s the relationshipsc. Groupi. Working to intervene at the level of the groupii. This technique does work from the DSM angle 1. There is a problem with the individual2. Usually a common diagnosis3. 2 therapist groups  one watches the talker and 1 watches how the group reacts 4. Social support and giving advice helps the invidiual heal 5. Expectations of privacy and confidentiality, but it’s less enforcedd. Self help/bibliotherapy/appsi. 1 way communicationii. The author/therapist compile what they think works best for the best majority of people iii. Generice. Telehealthi. Video chatting using a secure network ii. Previously done over the phone or even through lettersf. Lay-Led i. No designated leaderii. Ex: AA, online communities VI. Motives for Treatmenta. Experiencing current stressi. Might or might not have an underlying diagnosisii. Very motivatedb. Long standing problemi. Usually therapy is recommended to these people c. Reluctant patientsi. Most difficult to treatii. Not interested iii. In treatment for some other sort of motivation (parents, court order, threatened with divorce) d. Personal growthi. They have a blank space they want to fill VII. Researcha. Evidence Based Treatmentsi. Any sort of treatment that has been shown to statistically improve a condition ii. Outcomes are normally based on self report iii. Regression to the mean – if you have outliers, they are likely to move closer to the mean when tested again iv. Random assignment v. Treatment fidelity – to what extent the treatment is a good representation of what the treatment normally is b. Which treatment is best?i. Completely different from “does the treatment work?”ii. Research is based off whether the treatment works better than what is already being