ISB 201 1st Edition Lecture 20Outline of Last Lecture I. ReviewII. The OzoneIII. Additional problems CFC Outline of Current Lecture II. Causes of the Ozone thinning III. Source v SinkCurrent LectureI. Causes of the Ozone thinningA. CFC- Chloroflurocarbons; 1st introduced in 1920s and drastically increased quality of life1. Cl breaks off and steals O from O3; Cl can do this many timesa. 1 CFC can break apart 100,000 molecules of O3b. Takes up to 20 years to rise up to stratospherec. CFC can last almost 100 years once there2. We stopped this very quickly, but could see increased skin cancer and global warming from the past CFCB. Bromine gassesC. Fluctuations in sunlight and temperatureD. Ozone thinning more at the poles (need warmth and sunlight for O3 production)1. South pole colder- albedo affect reflect sunlight and less heat2. Need temp and consistent sunlight, which the poles lack3. Colder- thinner ozone4. Wind currents concentrate CFC at poles5. Largest depletion ever recorded at south pole Sep 2006E. CO2 and industrial revolution1. Made society more productive, efficient, and comfortable with CFC; but environment suffereda. Increasing CO2 overtime, but annual patterni. Add CO2 industrialization and transportationii. Remove CO2 with plant photosynthesis iii. Seasonal difference- forests more photosynthesis in spring/ summer (Breathing Planet)2. CO2 has a natural variation, but has increased past the natural patternsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. Investigating ice coresi. Fossil plant communities, past volcanic events, ice coresF. Methane- respiration from anaerobic bacteria 1. Landfills- no oxygen with nutrients 2. Water treatment plants3. Enteric fermentation- cow farts…bacteria in cows stomachs II. Sources vs. SinksA. Sink- molecules locked up for a long time in one place1. Forest die and CO2 sinks into forests and consolidates2. H2O and glaciersB. Sources- molecules and elements released back into the environment1. Burn coal and release CO2 back into atmosphere2. Melting of H2O glaciers C. CO21. Sourcea. Volcanic activity (natural)b. Combustion of fossil fuels (oil and natural gas- living organisms and compressed decomposed death; coal)c. Slash and burn agriculture (release CO2 sunk in trees)d. Manufacturing cement (release trap CO2)2. Sinka. Photosynthesis (forests are carbon sinks)b. Deposition to the ocean (algal mats)- layers of decomposed plants- oil3. Power- ½ of warming potential is from CO2D. Solutions 1. Awareness and education2. Full cost pricing3. Carbon credit/ carbon offsets4. Environmental
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