ISB 201 1st Edition Lecture 19 Outline of Last Lecture I. Secondary factors driving climateOutline of Current Lecture II. Review III. The OzoneIV. Additional problems CFCCurrent LectureI. Review: London v. Marquette A. Temperature1. Warm ocean currents bring warm water North between America and Europe2. The air above the warm ocean is heated3. Weather and wind travel west to east at this latitude and carry warm air to LondonB. Precipitation1. Warmer temps more rain in London II. The Ozone (in stratosphere)A. The Montreal Protocol- multinational agreement (UN) to reduce/ eliminate CFC from environment 1. 1990: London Amendment- phase out all CFC by 2000 and developing nations by 20102. 1992: Copenhagen Amendment-phase out by 19963. 1997: CFC AND other gases phase out in developing countries too4. 1999: Beijing Amendment- tightened control on production and trades of Bromine gases5. Impact- CFC found in refrigeration, air conditioning, and aerosols…need new ways to continue to use these amenities or econ will sufferB. Ozone- German Chemist identified a form of O3 gas in the atmosphere from smell before a thunderstorm (ozone= to smell in greek)1. Production: O2 breaks apart in stratosphere by energy from the sunlight and O realigns with an O2 that are still together and form O3These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. NEED ENERGY!! Lightening can bust apart O2 and free single O atoms at ground level to form O3 (smell is the reaction in the troposphere with strom)b. Ground level production: BAD; holds heat (greenhouse gas); publichealth issue. Created from combination of chemicals or loose Oxygen and energy!2. O3 considered GOOD and BAD depending where it is produced in atmospherea. GOOD O3: absorbs UV light and destroys air pollutantsb. BAD O3: traps heat and contributes to smog pollutionc. NOTE: CFC DESTROYS OZONEC. Benefits of good ozone if CFC is reduced1. Protection against UV light that can cause cancer “natural led jacket”a. UV-C and UV-B cause cancer and interfere with natural cell growthb. UV-A: skin aging and eye damagec. Ozone thinner in Australia- highest levels of skin cancerd. UV damages animal and plant DNA that can lead to mutations andless Oxygen for the planet because trees cannot perform photosynthesis i. Reduce crop yield with increased UV (need more pesticides)ii. Full cost pricingIII. Additional Problems with CFCA. Human- made molecules; DO NOT break down naturallyB. Takes a long time to travel up to stratosphereC. We don’t know if we are seeing beginning or ending effects from past use of
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