Synergy- Promotion/sale of different versions of a media product across the various subsidiaries of a media conglomerateJTC 100 9th EditionExam # 2 Study Guide Chapters: 16, 13, 10, 7, 4, 5, 6 Media Economics What are the 4 big factors that led to big changes in TV news at the network level? (in class we referred to this as the “transition economy of network news” — it started in late ‘70s and early ‘80s.):- New ownership: leads to culture clash. Deregulation diminishes public interest standardNetworks are competing—drives down entertainment $$$Success of 60 Minutes.What is the so-called ‘Media Industrial Complex’, what is the history behind this term, can you note anyone who recently referred to this term on network TV? (hint: it happened on TV show ‘The View’)- The media became part of history, it guides the way our society worksToday how many global transnational media companies dominate the global media system? What can you say about the history (timeline) of how we got to this point?- 6 considered the "Big Six" which consists of Time Warner, the Walt Disney Company, News Corporation, Viacom, General Electric, CBSWhat has media ownership concentration done to content we consume from the mass media?Who was Ben Bagdikian, and what was he worried about?- Said he was worried about media consolidation.What did Ted Koppel’s ABC news show “Nightline” have to do with the “Late Show” with David Letterman? What was the big message related to this event? (This event happened in 2002).- Similar audience size but younger audience for Letterman.Understand government deregulation of the media, why it came about, and its impacts.- "Free Market" view: if there is less government involvement there is more competition.Define the following terms and know examples of each: - Corporate imperialism- form of government where corporations, conglomerates or government entities withprivate components, control the direction and governance of a country.-Cultural imperialism- The creation and maintenance of unequal relationships between civilizations favoring the more powerful civilization.-Synergy- Promotion/sale of different versions of a media product across the various subsidiaries of a media conglomerate- Cross promotion- the cooperative marketing by two or more companies of one another's products.BooksWhere did printing first develop? - China print blockingWhat did books pave the way for?What were initial reactions to books?Who was Elizabeth Eisenstein and what did we discuss about her? - Woman who made book publishing possibleKnow the significance of each of the following:- Paperbacks- Dime novels- term referring to several different forms of late 19th century and early 20th century U.S. popular fiction.- Pulp fiction- focused on man struggling with dar, powerful and often, evil forces.Make sure you can define these book types (know the differences): trade books, professional books, mass market paperbacks, textbooks, religious books, reference books, university press books.- Trade book: a book published by a commercial publisher and intended for general readershipProfessional books: Mass market books: appeal to a large audience and are sold in stores other than major retail boo stores.University press books: stated in order to centralize the printing and publishing needs of the universityWhat are e-books? What is significant about them in relation to the book industry?- The electronic version of a printed book. Challenges actually printed books.We discussed J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter book series. What was their significance?- Was the most challenged book of the 21st century. Credited with countering illiteracy.What’s the difference been a challenge to a book and a ban? Where are books usually challenged? Why?By whom? - Challenged books are an attempt to remove or restrict access to book, basedupon objections of a person or group. Ban books are removed from access. Usually challenged at schools by parents. Media and Literacy Define the following:- Illiteracy- illiteracy: inability to read or write- Aliteracy one has the ability to read or write... but choose not to- Functional illiteracy- minimal reading writing skills -inadequate to manage daily living/employment- Cultural literacy- the ability to understand and participate fluently in a given culture- Participatory culture- a culture in which private persons (the public) do not act as consumers only, but also as contributors or producers (prosumers).We discussed how Henry Jenkins, Director of the Comparative Media Studies Program at MIT is both hopeful and concerned about participatory culture in the age of new media technology. What did we discuss? Know the pros and cons of a participatory culture.- Participatory culture-a culture where private persons do not act as consumers only contributors or producers. Henry Jenkins says we need to teach these skills for media literacy: appropriation, multitasking, distributed cognition, collective intelligence, judgment, trans media navigation, negotiationWhat is the Digital Divide? What is the concept of a deepening divide?- The gulf between those who have ready access to computers and the Internet, and those who do not. It means the stop of widening. What did we discuss about literacy rates in the U.S. in lecture? - 32 million adults in the U.S. can't read. That's 14 percent of the population. 21 percent of adults inthe U.S. read below a 5th grade level, and 19 percent of high school graduates can't read.What are correlations between literacy and incarceration?- The link between academic failure and delinquency, violence, and crime is welded to reading failure."Movies Define: studio system vs. star system- Star: method of creating, promoting and exploiting stars in Hollywood film- Studio: The studio system is a method of film production and distribution dominated by a small number of "major" studios in Hollywood.The effort to capture photographic still images began in the 1810s, but when did development efforts really start to escalate?- 1930sWhat was the significance of the 1903 film ‘The Great Train Robbery:- 12 minutes long1st pop westernhad a storylinecreative endingWhat led to a coastal transition from New York to California for the U.S. movie industry?- Early production was run by Edison so they wanted to get away from him and away from lawyers. Weather provided year-round shooting.Identify the contributions to movie-making of Oscar Micheaux?-