Campbell s Biology 9e Reece et al Chapter 1 Introduction Themes in the Study of Life This introductory chapter explores the basic themes and concepts of biology with emphasis on the core theme of evolution It also introduces students to the thinking of scientists Questions are therefore general however an effort has been made to include some from each skill level As in the rest of this test bank questions that feature art or those for which several questions follow upon some data or a scenario are placed together at the end of the chapter Multiple Choice Questions 1 A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a A biosystem B community C population D ecosystem E family Answer C Topic Concept 1 1 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 2 Organisms interact with their environments exchanging matter and energy For example plant chloroplasts convert the energy of sunlight into A the energy of motion B carbon dioxide and water C the potential energy of chemical bonds D oxygen E kinetic energy Answer C Topic Concept 1 1 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 3 The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is A light energy B kinetic energy C thermal energy D chemical energy E ATP Answer A Topic Concept 1 1 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 1 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education Inc 4 Which of the following types of cells utilize deoxyribonucleic acid DNA as their genetic material but do not have their DNA encased within a nuclear envelope A animal B plant C archaea D fungi E protists Answer C Topic Concept 1 1 Skill Application Analysis 5 To understand the chemical basis of inheritance we must understand the molecular structure of DNA This is an example of the application of which concept to the study of biology A evolution B emergent properties C reductionism D the cell theory E feedback regulation Answer C Topic Concept 1 1 Skill Application Analysis 6 Once labor begins in childbirth contractions increase in intensity and frequency until delivery The increasing labor contractions of childbirth are an example of which type of regulation A a bioinformatic system B positive feedback C negative feedback D feedback inhibition E enzymatic catalysis Answer B Topic Concept 1 1 Skill Application Analysis 7 When the body s blood glucose level rises the pancreas secretes insulin and as a result the blood glucose level declines When the blood glucose level is low the pancreas secretes glucagon and as a result the blood glucose level rises Such regulation of the blood glucose level is the result of A catalytic feedback B positive feedback C negative feedback D bioinformatic regulation E protein protein interactions Answer C Topic Concept 1 1 Skill Application Analysis 2 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education Inc 8 Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms A informatics B schematic biology C taxonomy D genomics E evolution Answer C Topic Concept 1 1 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 9 Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells generally have which of the following features in common A a membrane bounded nucleus B a cell wall made of cellulose C ribosomes D flagella or cilia that contain microtubules E linear chromosomes made of DNA and protein Answer C Topic Concept 1 1 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 10 Prokaryotes are classified as belonging to two different domains What are the domains A Bacteria and Eukarya B Archaea and Monera C Eukarya and Monera D Bacteria and Protista E Bacteria and Archaea Answer E Topic Concept 1 1 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 11 Global warming as demonstrated by observations such as melting of glaciers increasing CO2 levels and increasing average ambient temperatures has already had many effects on living organisms Which of the following might best offer a solution to this problem A Continue to measure these and other parameters of the problem B Increase the abilities of animals to migrate to more suitable habitats C Do nothing nature will attain its own balance D Limit the burning of fossil fuels and regulate our loss of forested areas E Recycle as much as possible Answer D Topic Concept 1 1 Skill Synthesis Evaluation 3 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education Inc 12 A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single celled organism that had a cell wall but lacked a nucleus What is its most likely classification A Eukarya B Archaea C Animalia D Protista E Fungi Answer B Topic Concept 1 2 Skill Application Analysis 13 A filamentous organism has been isolated from decomposing organic matter This organism has a cell wall but no chloroplasts How would you classify this organism A domain Bacteria kingdom Prokaryota B domain Archaea kingdom Bacteria C domain Eukarya kingdom Plantae D domain Eukarya kingdom Protista E domain Eukarya kingdom Fungi Answer E Topic Concept 1 2 Skill Application Analysis 14 Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life A ubiquitous use of catalysts by living systems B near universality of the genetic code C structure of the nucleus D structure of cilia E structure of chloroplasts Answer B Topic Concept 1 2 Skill Application Analysis 15 Which of the following is are true of natural selection A It requires genetic variation B It results in descent with modification C It involves differential reproductive success D It results in descent with modification and involves differential reproductive success E It requires genetic variation results in descent with modification and involves differential reproductive success Answer E Topic Concept 1 2 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 4 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education Inc 16 Charles Darwin proposed a mechanism for descent with modification that stated that organisms of a particular species are adapted to their environment when they possess A non inheritable traits that enhance their survival in the local environment B non inheritable traits that enhance their reproductive success in the local environment C non inheritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local environment D inheritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local environment E inheritable traits that decrease their survival and reproductive success in the local environment Answer D Topic Concept 1 2 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 17 Which of these individuals is likely to be most successful in an evolutionary sense A a reproductively sterile individual who never falls ill B an organism that dies after five days of life but leaves 10