DOC PREVIEW
CSU LIFE 103 - Body Structure and Function

This preview shows page 1 out of 3 pages.

Save
View full document
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 3 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 3 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience

Unformatted text preview:

LIFE 103 1st Edition Lecture 28 Outline of Last Lecture II. Mammalia III. Characteristicsa. Hair b. Milk c. Sound II. Mammal evolution III. Trends Outline of Current Lecture IV. BiomimicryV. Form and functionVI. Physical constraintsa. HydrodynamicsII. Evolutionary constraints a. Vertebrate flight III. Form and functionIV. Cursorial locomotionCurrent Lecture: Body structure and function: solutions BiomimicryI. Bats II. Humpback whales inspire new wind turbine technologyuse their flippers that enable asteeper operating angle of the blade and a 40% performance increaseIII. Kingfishers used to imitate turbulence with high speed train in Japan Form and functionI. All animals must obtain nutrients and oxygen, excrete wastes, and moveII. Animals live in nearly every conceivable kind of environment (temperature, pressure, salinity, oxygen concentrations, light levels, currents, selective pressures, etc.) III. “Solutions” to these challenges are generated based on two primary kinds of pressuresI. Physical constraintsEx: hydrodynamics II. Evolutionary constraintsEx: vertebrate flight These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.HydrodynamicsIV. Water is 1000 x more dense than airV. Problem how to travel quickly and efficiently through water? VI. Solution fusiform (streamlined) body shapeVII. Convergent evolution- diverse organisms face similar challenges and arrive at similar solutions Vertebrate flightI. Benefits of flightpowered flight has evolved four times with insects, pterosaurs, birds, and batsII. Problemhow to generate sufficient lift for sustained flight? III. Solutionflight membranes, generally small body size, light bodies for their size IV. Solutions vary with the animal V. Wings are super flexible and depend on the organismVI. Differences between bat and bird flight: bats hover and cup the air with their fingers,birds have rigid wings that can do this to an extent but not in the same way, hummingbirds fly backwards Form and functionI. Exchange with the environment is ultimately at the cellular level—substances in solution travel across the plasma membrane of cellsII. How is this accomplished in complex, multicellular organisms? III. Fig. 40.3 I. Hydra vs. amoebaIV. Fig. 40.4: complex organisms that have complex tissues, tissue systems, and organs V. The form of something is shaped by its functionVI. Seen at all levels of body organization: I. CellsII. Tissues (epithelial, muscle, connective, nervous)III. OrgansIV. Organ systems VII. Fig. 40.5 Clicker question: in whales and most other mammals, evolutionary adaptations that enable sufficient exchange with the environment are specialized structures that in most cases lie withinthe body and are branched or folded. Which of the following is not an example of this? The shape of a parasitic tapeworm places most cells of the worm in direct contact with its environmentCursorial locomotionI. Adaptations for different forms of locomotion based on the same basic body plan II. How to increase the ability to run fast: I. Increase stride lengthi. Change foot postureii. Lengthen limb elementsiii. Flex spineiv. Extended periods of suspended gait II. Increase stride rate i. Reduce muscle mass in the distal limb (decreases effort and increases speed of movement) Relationship between body mass and lifespanI. The larger you are, the longer you usually live II. Naked mole rats and bats are outliers because they live for a really long time but they are smallerIII. Given these two relationships, what can you say about the relationship between metabolic rate and


View Full Document

CSU LIFE 103 - Body Structure and Function

Download Body Structure and Function
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Body Structure and Function and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Body Structure and Function 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?