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URI AVS 101 - Sheep and Wool Production

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AVS 101 1st Edition Lecture 17  Sheep & Wool Production Sheep 1 billion in world 5-7 million in US 4 lbs./person/year Sheep 200 + breeds of sheepMost popular – Hampshire & Suffolk Breeds are classified by useWool, meat, dual-purpose Wool Breeds Meat Breeds Dual Purpose Breeds Management Both sexes have horns  Seasonal breeders (male & female)Some breeds, breed all year-round (Dorset) Goal = 2 lamb crops/year Gestation – 150 days Management FlushingIncrease grain20% increase in conception Marking pencilWorn around ram’s neckID females bred Management TaggingRemove wool from tail/vulva areaeasier mating DockingRemoval of tail Management Systems Total production scheme – 100 lbs. sold Mutton Meat from sheep over 1 year old Disease Sheep get same disease as cattle Internal parasites  Dewormed several times/yr. with anthelmintics Diseases Mastitis (bluebag) Diseases Pink eye Diseases ListereosisBacterial diseaseDue to bad silage (spoiled feed)Affects brainAnimals walk in circleUsually fatalNot a zoonose Diseases ScrapieViral diseaseScrape wool from backintense itchingParalysis & death No cureNot a zoonose Diseases ScrapieConnection to Mad Cow DiseaseBovine spongiform encephalopathyCreutzfeldt Jacob’s disease Diseases EnterotoxemiaOvereating diseaseChange in dietà Change in bacteria in digestive tractà Toxin in digestive tractà Don’t eatà Death Wool Boston is financial center of US wool market Sheep production à 1/3 income from wool, 2/3 from meat Wool Attributes Porous Generates heatInsulator Relatively light Elastic Wool Attributes Allows UV light to go through Dyes well Durable Relatively non-flammable Good wool fiber is…. Stretchy Wavy appearance à crimp Tight crimp Little kemp Fiber for fiber strong as steel Best Wool Combing wool or staple wool Very long, thin fibers From neck & shoulders Fleece Product of shearing Grease Wool First product after shearing Contains lanolinWaterproofs wool Scoured Wool Washed in warm soapy water Removes grease 10 lbs washed à 5 lbs clean Sheep sheared once/year Wool fiber grows from a follicle in outer layer of skin Composed of proteins Epiderm Medulla Cortex Wool Grading Blood systemMerino blood Micron system Worsted spinning countApproved USDA method# hanks of yarn that are spun from 1 lb. of clean, scoured wool1 hank = 560 yardsGrade of 50 = 50 x 560 = 28,000 yards of yarn Mohair Angora goat US produces 50% of world’s mohair30 million lbs. Dyes more accuratelyNormally snow white More expensive Second-best wig


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URI AVS 101 - Sheep and Wool Production

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