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U-M ANTHRCUL 101 - Gender, Knowledge, and Meaning
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ANTHRCUL 101 1st Edition Lecture 28Outline of Last LectureI. Gender and CultureII. Gender and EconomyIII. Gender, Stratification, and Public/Private SpaceIV. The Idea of Roles/StereotypesOutline of Current LectureI. Biological BinariesII. Cultural Constructions: Gender and MeaningIII. Rosie the Riveter: Gender Roles and WWIIIV. Gender and Social ActionCurrent Lecture4/3: Gender, Knowledge, and Meaning I. Biological Binariesa. What happens with people who are in between?b. Some cultures view hermaphrodites as having a connection with higher powers, being “perfect,” having healing powers, etc.c. Anne Fausto-Sterling’s proposed Intersex Additions:i. Herm: both male and female attributesii. Ferm: fem reproductive ability but male physical attributesiii. Merm: male reproductive abilities but female physical attributesd. With science in our culture today we think there are two options – if born with both sexes we choose one or the otherII. Cultural Constructions: Gender and Meaninga. Emily Martin: Reimagining the Romance of the Egg and the Spermb. Reading gender imagery in physiology textbooksi. Old physiology or biological textbooks write the storylines of biology ii. Menstruation described as loss1. Debris, ceasing, expelling, dying, losing,…scrapiii. Sperm production1. “Whereas the female sheds only a single gamete each month, the semineferous tubes produce hundreds of millions of sperm each day [emphasis Martin’s]” (Martin, 486)2. “How is this feat accomplished?”These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.3. “They "deliver" their genes to the egg, "activate the developmental program of the egg,”and have a "velocity" that is often remarked upon. Their tails are "strong" and efficiently powered. Together with the forces of ejaculation, they can "propelthe semen into the deepest recesses of the vagina.” For this they need "energy," "fuel,” so that with a "whiplashlike motion and strong lurches” they can "burrow through the egg coat” and "penetrate" it.” (Martin, 489)4. “In a collection of scientific papers, an electron micrograph of an enormous egg and tiny sperm is titled "A Portrait of the Sperm.” This is a little like showing a photo of a dog and calling it a picture of the fleas.” (Martin, 491)5. “The egg is also passive, which means it must depend on sperm for rescue. Gerald Schatten and Helen Schatten liken the egg's roleto that of Sleeping Beauty: "a dormant bride awaiting her mate's magic kiss, which instills the spirit that brings her to life.”” (Martin,490)iv. “While the "facts" of biology may not always be constructed in cultural terms, I would argue that in this case they are.” (491)v. But can the story of sex be complicated through biological narratives themselves? Enter Anne Fausto-SterlingIII. Rosie the Riveter: Gender Roles and WWIIa. When men were drafted into army there was a massive labor shortage in factories, etc. b. In 1940 people at US state department were “very savvy about gender” i. Overnight reversed the story of gender roles – made women feel bad about not going in to workc. After war they reversed it againIV. Gender and Social Actiona. Distinguishing a focus on cultural meanings and from a focus on social actioni. Meaning isn’t fixedii. Culture is Contestedb. Barbie Liberation Organizationi. People went around dropping barbies and GI Joe dolls in stores that they had switched the voices in (gave Barbie male voice, etc.)ii. Took media produced from when people found out their toys had opposite gender voices and created a video iii. Unpacking the Barbie Liberation Organization1. Symbolic play2. Property, ownership3. Gender, Copyright, and Intellectual Property4. How on earth would we write an exam question about the Barbie Liberation


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U-M ANTHRCUL 101 - Gender, Knowledge, and Meaning

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