BIOL 200B 1st Edition Lecture 26 Chapter 31 Green Algae and PlantsI. Ecosystem servicesII. Green algaeIII. Shared traits IV. Challenges with terrestrial habitatsV. Life cyclesVI. Bryophytes VII. Seedless vascular plantsVIII. Seed plantsIX. Specialized gametophytes I. Spore vs. SeedII. Major evolutionary lineages of seed plantsa. Gymnospermb. Angiosperm III. Flower structuresChapter 37 Plant Form and Function I. Surface area: volumeII. Plant StructureIII. Organsa. Rootsb. Shootsc. Stem and leaves Chapter 37Plant bodies different from animal bodies These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Phenotypic plasticity - Modular growth- Often indeterminate Importance of surface area to volume ratio - above: shoot system o node(where leaf grows), axillary bud, branch, stem - below: root system o lateral roots, tap roots, root hairs(water and nutrients) Hierarchy of plant structure - Plants have basic organs: composed of one or more tissue type; tissues composed of oneor more cell types - Plant organ: Roots- Anchor plant to soil (structural support)- Uptake water and minerals- Storage of starch/sugar (carrot, turnip)- Two types: Tap and Fibrous root systems o Variation in root morphology o Allows plants to minimize competition for water, soil nutrients- Root hairs – modified epidermal cells; where most absorption of water/ nutrientshappens; greatly increase area- Adventitious roots – grow from stem or leaves; may provide extra support; climbing plants - Modified roots – provide roots with support; pneumatophores function in gas exchange- Plant organ: Stem (shoots)- Structural support- Transport between leaves and roots- Minor role in photosynthesis - Some plants have underground stems- Leaves – photosynthesis and gas exchange- Modified stem and leaves:o Stolon – above ground horizontal stemso Rhizomes – below ground horizontal stemso Cactus – modified stem and
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