AVS 324 1st Edition Lecture 14 Outline of Last Lecture I. Review for MidtermOutline of Current Lecture I. Family EquidaeII. HorsesIII. UsesIV. TermsV. BusinessCurrent Lecture- Family Equidae:o Horse (Equus Caballus)o Onagero Zebra 3 species Not very socialo Donkeys & Asseso Przewalski’s Horse Almost extinct- Horses o War machineso Food source (in some countries)o Petso 21 endangered species of horse in the world Narragansett Trotter (race horse) gone Cleveland Bay (huge carriage horse) goneo Used for (USA): pleasure Riding  Showing Jumping Hunting o Most popular horse in USA Quarter horseo Police horses & ranch horses Specialized horses (specialized training)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. 4000 BC in China Domesticatedo Draft horses (Amish) Specialized Horses- Can pull logs out of forest w/ out damaging other trees (environmentally friendly) o Work horses popularity is droppingo Hunters & Jumpers used to be used to pull carriageso USA used to eat horse meat routinely  Not anymoreo Most of our light horses descended from the Arabian They have stamina Multi-Use horse- Gestation (horse) 330 dayso Gestation (donkey) 336 days- Estrus cycle 21 days (6 days long)- Seasonally polyestrouso Foal in spring- Male is a stalliono 99.7°F temperature- Female is a mareo 100°F temperature- Castrated male is a gelding - Under 3 years old female is a filly- Under 3 year old male is a colt- Pony:o Anything under 14.2 hands at withers (shoulders)- Horse:o Anything over 14.2 hands- Light Horse:o 14.217 hands o 9001400 pounds- Draft Horse:o 15.217 handso Over 1600 poundso Designed for power- Disease control & regulation under govt. regulationso Everything else  pet- 3rd most abused animal in the USA- Mustangs and Domestic horseso Completely different- Horses are incredibly fragile (poor internal design)- Housing 12x12 ft stall o Cribbing …1 hand = 4 incheso Should give a 5 acre pasture (happy horse)o Should give the horse shelter to get in from the weather- Feed give a fibrous dieto Molasses & corn= grain (high energy) Destroys stomach Ulcerso Hay Should be green & smell good Mix of alfalfa in low amounts (for protein) & lots of long grasseso DO NOT abruptly change diet (will kill the horse) If need be: minor changes over a long period of timeo Happiest horse= over 5 acres of pasture spread hay and let them walk around all day eating- Jumping really detrimental to horse over long period of timeo Not designed for constant pounding like that- Very difficult to market horseso Very large industry (billions of $)- Horse Businesso Equine Veterinarian (dangerous profession)o Farriers (difficult) don’t last longo Trainerso People lease horseso Riding therapy - Average life span 25 yearso Work horse/donkey life span is 40 years More laid back- Around $250 for shotso Disease prevention- Farrier (reliable & good)o Foot car very importanto Can extend a horses life 5-10 years- NYC horse, Draft horse, Police horseo All need shoes- Can easily overspend on horseso Trailero Bridleo Saddle o Etc.- Horses can’t vomito Cardiac sphincter at top of stomach, horses stomach secretes HCl 24/7 to break down foodo Only way it gets out the back end, or through a tube down the nose/throat Colic: walk around - Belly ache- Nonsurgical or surgical (serious problems)- Reproductiono Race horses cannot use AI (will not be able to be registered)o Stallions bad behavior, dangerous to deal with Do not trusto Geld a horse early in its