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U of A PHIL 200 - Exam 2 Study Guide
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PHIL200 1st EditionExam # 2 Study Guide Lectures: 10 - 18Lecture 10 (February 18th)What is HedonismHedonism: good life is the happy life (be more specific though)-You have a good life if and only if you have a happy life What is good life and what is happy life-If you have a good life then you are happy + if you are happy, then you have a good life Lecture 11 (February 23rd)What are some examples/ arguments for Hedonism?Ex.) Parents want happiness for their children, so the good life must be parents wanting their kids to be happy. Ex.) There seems to be many different types of good lives (there are many different ways/things that can make someone happy) -There is personal authority about the good life (personal authority about what makes us happy)- Misery obviously makes your life worseWhat are the criticisms for Hedonism?False Happiness- what is making you happy doesn’t exist, it is false. Your happiness is real but what makes you happy is false/doesn’t exist. Ex.) the two women who just got married both equally happy. One is cheated on, the other husband is faithful. They are both equally happy, but we cannot say that both of the women have the same good life. Saying happiness isn’t the only factor in the quality of lifeEx) The experience machine. Simulator for life. Is it a real life though? Even if you’re happy? No. because it’s not realLecture 12 (February 25th)What is the Problem of Autonomy?Problem of Autonomy- the only thing that matters is happiness. Happiness rules everything else out. ONLY happiness makes a good life.What is Autonomy?Autonomy – the power to guide our own lives, as we like, through the exercise of our own free choicesThe idea is that sometimes we are willing to undergo serious misery, as long as we get to be the ones at the controls (or: happiness that is forced on us does not make our lives good)What is the Desire Satisfaction Theory?Desire Satisfaction Theory: the good life is the one where you’re mostly getting what you want-If you’re mostly getting what you want, then you have a good life (if your desire is satisfied then your life is going better)+ -If you have a good life, then you’re mostly getting what you wantWhat are explanations/arguments for Desire Satisfaction Theory?-Personal Authority about the good life-Many different good lives-No objective values (things having value or not depends on each person’s opinion) What are criticisms for Desire Satisfaction Theory?Criticism 1.) Getting what you want, but not having a good life(Hoarders, people who bathe in bleach, people who eat shrimp, people who don’t like chocolate, your hometown basketball team wins but you don’t really care about them)Criticism 2.) Your life is pretty good, but you didn’t get what you wanted(Vaccinations, braces)Lecture 13 (March 2nd)What is Social Constructionalism?Social Constructionism: trying to say that what we become is what society makes out of usSocial constructionism thinks these three things are true: -We are born as “blank slates”-People who lived in a time without government or law were “noble” (noble savages)-Free willLecture 14 (March 7th)What are the criticisms for Desire Satisfaction Theory?Criticism for:“Bank slate” – biases for the in-group, biases for our family (more likely to help family members than anybody else), and differences in the sexes,.“Noble savages” – see the pictures on the power-point (more people were killed in the past time periodsthan now- therefore, savages are not noblesLecture 16 (March 17th)What is Free Will Argument?Free Will: 1.) if determinism is true, then we never act freely2.) if indeterminism is true, then we never act freely3.) either determinism or indeterminism is true--------------------soooooo--------------4.) we never act freelyWhat is indeterminism and determinism?Determinism- every event is totally determinedIndeterminism- not every event is totally determinedLecture 18 (March 30th) What are the different objections to the free will argument?Soft Determinism (Soft determinists): determinism is true, but it is compatible with freedom (compatibilists) reject premise 1Libertarianism: (libertarians) indeterminism is true, but we do act freely sometimes reject premise 2Hard Determinism: (hard determinists) people who accept the argument (who think we never act freely) accept argumentIncompatibilism: the view that freedom and determinism are incompatible (libertarians and hard determinists share this in


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U of A PHIL 200 - Exam 2 Study Guide

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