BIOL 200B 1st Edition Lecture 25 Chapter 31 Green Algae and PlantsI. Ecosystem servicesII. Green algaeIII. Shared traits IV. Challenges with terrestrial habitatsV. Life cyclesChapter 31 (continued)VI. Bryophytes VII. Seedless vascular plantsVIII. Seed plantsIX. Specialized gametophytes Chapter 31 (continued again)I. Spore vs. SeedII. Major evolutionary lineages of seed plantsa. Gymnospermb. Angiosperm III. Flower structuresChapter 31 In plant life cycles, meiosis produces spores.Spores vs. Seeds:- Bryophytes and ferns disperse spores - Tiny, single-celled, resistant to harsh conditionsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Seed plants disperse seeds- Complex multicellular structures - Stored food for embryo - Sophisticated dormancy - Habitat specificity Seed plant evolution- Even further reduced the gametophyte generations- Seeds rather that spores- Pollen eliminated need for water in fertilization 2 major evolutionary lineages of seed plants:1. Gymnosperms (conifers, etc.)- “naked seeds”- Have seeds and pollen but no flowers or fruit- Pollen is produced in male cone - Ovule may be produced seed cones- Pollen cones - Figure 30.19- Living Phyla:- Pinophyta – “evergreens,” pines and conifers; most diverse- Cycadophyta – cycads, tropical- Ginkgophyta – Ginkgo biloba, one species, only in captivity - Gnetophyta – 3 strange genera2. Angiosperms – flowering plant - Most diverse group of land plants - Food, medicine, fibers, etc. - Characteristics – flowers and fruit- Carpel: female part, enclosed megasporophyll, base is ovary - Ovary is part of carpel; ovule inside ovary, contains female gametophyte (later the embryo)- Anther: male part, enclosed microsporophyll, produces pollen - Other flower parts – petals, sepals- Fruit – mature ovary; encloses and protects ovules/seeds; aids in dispersal (wind,animals,
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